College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, 130118, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, 650210, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, 130118, China; Institute of Veterinary Medicine Feed Inspection in Guizhou Province, 550000, China.
Microb Pathog. 2019 Oct;135:103621. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103621. Epub 2019 Jul 13.
Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) are a traditional Chinese medicine with a therapeutic effect by enhancing immune function; however, the underlying functional mechanism is still unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of oral administration of APS on jejunum mucosal immunity in chickens vaccinated against Newcastle disease (ND). One-day-old Hy-Line male chickens were divided into five groups of 20 chicks each: three APS groups, one vaccinated control (VC) group and one non-vaccinated negative control (NC) group. On d 10, the APS groups were orally administered 0.5 mL of APS at doses of 1 mg/mL (APS), 2 mg/mL (APS) and 4 mg/mL (APS) daily for 4 consecutive days. The chicks in the control groups were administered 0.5 mL saline for those 4 days. All groups except NC were administered a ND virus (NDV) vaccine on day 14. The jejunum was removed from 4 randomly selected chickens of each group at 1, 7, 14 and 28 days after vaccination. The jejunal villus height (VH) and crypt depth (CD) were measured and the VH:CD ratio calculated. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the differences of IgA cells in the jejunum. NDV specific secretory IgA (sIgA) levels in jejunal contents were detected using an indirect ELISA. At most time points, VH:CD ratios, number of IgA cells, and sIgA levels were significantly higher in the APS groups than those in VC and NC groups, but there were little differences among the three doses of APS groups. These results indicate that oral administration of APS could enhance the intestinal mucosal immune function of chickens, and APS could be used as a vaccine enhancer.
黄芪多糖（APS）是一种具有增强免疫功能疗效的中药；然而，其潜在的功能机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在确定口服 APS 对接种新城疫（ND）疫苗的鸡空肠黏膜免疫的影响。将 1 日龄海兰雄性小鸡分为 5 组，每组 20 只小鸡：3 个 APS 组、1 个接种对照（VC）组和 1 个非接种阴性对照（NC）组。第 10 天，APS 组连续 4 天每天口服 0.5 mL 剂量为 1 mg/mL（APS）、2 mg/mL（APS）和 4 mg/mL（APS）的 APS。对照组小鸡在这 4 天内每天口服 0.5 mL 生理盐水。除 NC 组外，所有组均在第 14 天接种 ND 病毒（NDV）疫苗。接种后 1、7、14 和 28 天，从每组 4 只随机选择的鸡中取出空肠。测量空肠绒毛高度（VH）和隐窝深度（CD），并计算 VH:CD 比值。免疫组织化学法分析空肠中 IgA 细胞的差异。使用间接 ELISA 检测空肠内容物中 NDV 特异性分泌型 IgA（sIgA）水平。在大多数时间点，APS 组的 VH:CD 比值、IgA 细胞数和 sIgA 水平均显著高于 VC 和 NC 组，但 3 个 APS 组之间差异较小。这些结果表明，口服 APS 可增强鸡的肠道黏膜免疫功能，APS 可作为疫苗增强剂。
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