Hung Yuan T, Hanson Andrea R, Urriola Pedro E, Johnston Lee J, Kerr Brian J, Shurson Gerald C
1Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108 USA.
Professional Swine Management, LLC, Carthage, IL 62321 USA.
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2019 Jul 4;10:51. doi: 10.1186/s40104-019-0362-5. eCollection 2019.
Maize oil is abundantly used in foods and feeds and is highly susceptible to oxidation. Consequently, commercially available antioxidants should be evaluated for effectiveness against lipid oxidation in swine diets. Our study was conducted to evaluate growth performance of nursery pigs fed oxidized maize oil and to determine effects of using antioxidants on oxidative status in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Two hundred eight weaned pigs were blocked by initial BW into 13 blocks, resulting in 4 pigs per pen and 13 pens per treatment. Dietary treatments included 6% unoxidized or oxidized maize oil, and 0 or 60 mg/kg of tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), which was added after lipid oxidation. Data for growth performance were collected from 5 time periods of a two-phase feeding program (Phase 1 = d 0 to 12 and Phase 2 = d 13 to 34). Serum and liver samples were collected from one pig per pen, which had initial BW closest to average BW to determine oxidative status on d 34.
Oxidized maize oil was heated for 12 h at 185 °C with 12 L/min of air, yielding a peroxide value (PV) of 5.98 mEq O/kg and TBARS of 0.11 mg MDA eq/g. Addition of TBHQ to diets containing oxidized maize oil decreased PV by 37% and increased the oil stability index by 69%. Final BW, ADG, ADFI, and G:F of pigs were not different among the four dietary treatments. However, pigs fed oxidized maize oil tended ( < 0.08) to increase hepatosomatic index by 5% compared with those fed unoxidized oil, and this was not affected by adding TBHQ. The serum vitamin E concentration of pigs fed oxidized maize oil was less ( 0.03) than pigs fed unoxidized oil, but this reduction was not reversed by adding TBHQ. Finally, the serum and liver selenium concentration were not different among the treatments.
The addition of TBHQ did not affect growth performance and vitamin E status in pigs fed moderately oxidized maize oil, but TBHQ reduced lipid oxidation, enhanced the oil stability, and appeared to reduce oxidative stress.
玉米油广泛用于食品和饲料中，且极易氧化。因此，应评估市售抗氧化剂对猪日粮中脂质氧化的有效性。本研究旨在评估饲喂氧化玉米油的保育猪的生长性能，并采用2×2析因设计确定使用抗氧化剂对氧化状态的影响。208头断奶仔猪按初始体重分为13个组，每组4头猪，每个处理13个重复栏。日粮处理包括6%未氧化或氧化玉米油，以及0或60mg/kg叔丁基对苯二酚（TBHQ），TBHQ在脂质氧化后添加。生长性能数据来自两阶段饲养计划的5个时间段（第1阶段=第0至12天，第2阶段=第13至34天）。从每个重复栏中选取一头初始体重最接近平均体重的猪采集血清和肝脏样本，以测定第34天的氧化状态。
氧化玉米油在185℃下以12L/min的空气流速加热12小时，过氧化值（PV）为5.98mEq O/kg，硫代巴比妥酸反应物（TBARS）为0.11mg MDA eq/g。在含有氧化玉米油的日粮中添加TBHQ可使PV降低37%，并使油脂稳定性指数提高69%。四种日粮处理间猪的末重、平均日增重（ADG）、平均日采食量（ADFI）和料重比（G:F）无差异。然而，与饲喂未氧化油的猪相比，饲喂氧化玉米油的猪肝脏体指数有增加5%的趋势（P<0.08），且添加TBHQ对此无影响。饲喂氧化玉米油的猪血清维生素E浓度低于饲喂未氧化油的猪（P<0.03），但添加TBHQ并未逆转这种降低。最后，各处理间血清和肝脏硒浓度无差异。
添加TBHQ对饲喂中度氧化玉米油的猪的生长性能和维生素E状态无影响，但TBHQ可降低脂质氧化，提高油脂稳定性，并似乎能降低氧化应激。
