Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York.
Breastfeed Med. 2019 Oct;14(8):533-537. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2019.0055. Epub 2019 Jul 16.
Early exposure to formula can interfere with successful long-term breastfeeding. The objective of this study was to determine whether limiting the volume of formula used in the first month attenuates formula's detrimental impact on long-term breastfeeding success. Using detailed data on dietary intake from a randomized clinical trial, we conducted a secondary analysis of the association between volume of formula received in the first month and breastfeeding cessation before 6 and 12 months of age. We used descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression, respectively, to explore this association without and with adjustment for demographic and clinical predictors of infant feeding. Among 199 breastfeeding infants, 80 (40%) received formula daily at 1 month of age, and breastfeeding cessation before 6 and 12 months of age was higher for these infants (46% and 67%) than for those breastfed exclusively (6% and 27%) ( < 0.0005 for each). The risk of cessation did not differ between those who received ≤4 fl oz daily in the first month (11%) and those who did not receive formula in the first month (6%) ( = 0.42). Adjusting for gestational age, race/ethnicity, income, and intention to breastfeed exclusively, the odds ratio for the outcome of cessation before 6 months was 1.15 (95% confidence interval = 0.20-6.67) for infants who received ≤4 fl oz daily compared with those who breastfed exclusively. Limiting formula volumes to ≤4 fl oz daily may attenuate the deleterious association between early formula use and subsequent successful breastfeeding.
早期接触配方奶可能会干扰长期母乳喂养的成功。本研究的目的是确定在第一个月限制配方奶的使用量是否会减弱配方奶对长期母乳喂养成功的不利影响。我们使用一项随机临床试验中关于饮食摄入的详细数据，对第一个月接受的配方奶量与 6 个月和 12 个月前停止母乳喂养之间的关系进行了二次分析。我们分别使用描述性统计和多变量逻辑回归来探讨这种关联，而无需和调整婴儿喂养的人口统计学和临床预测因素。在 199 名母乳喂养的婴儿中，80 名（40%）在 1 个月龄时每天接受配方奶，这些婴儿在 6 个月和 12 个月前停止母乳喂养的比例高于纯母乳喂养的婴儿（46%和 67%）（每种情况均 < 0.0005）。在第一个月接受≤4 液盎司配方奶的婴儿（11%）和第一个月未接受配方奶的婴儿（6%）之间，停止的风险没有差异（ = 0.42）。在调整胎龄、种族/民族、收入和纯母乳喂养意向后，与纯母乳喂养的婴儿相比，第一个月接受≤4 液盎司配方奶的婴儿在 6 个月前停止母乳喂养的结局的比值比为 1.15（95%置信区间 = 0.20-6.67）。每天将配方奶摄入量限制在≤4 液盎司可能会减弱早期使用配方奶与随后成功母乳喂养之间的有害关联。
