Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Nov 15;691:71-79. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.057. Epub 2019 Jul 4.
The problems of aquaculture effluent (AE) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are common in coastal areas. The fate of 2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-99), a dominant PBDE congener, in mangrove sediments and the effects of AE on it have never been reported. A 12-months microcosm study was conducted and more than 55% of the BDE-99 in contaminated sediment was removed at the end. The removal percentages depended on treatments, with the highest removal in the treatment planted with Kandelia obovata (Ko) and irrigated with AE (WP), followed by Ko planted but without AE (WP), unplanted with AE (NP) and unplanted without AE (NP). Hydroxylation of BDE-99 was observed in all treatments, with a preference in the para position bromine substitution, followed by meta position and the lowest was ortho bromine substitution. BDE-99 was also debrominated to lower brominated congeners like tri- and di-BDEs congeners. Different from parent BDE-99, ortho-substituted BDE-28 and -15 were more dominant than that of para-substituted BDE-17 and -7, suggesting that para-substituted congeners could further be debrominated. The AE addition enhanced root uptake of PBDEs in Ko. These findings suggested that the addition of AE and planting Ko could be an effective way to remedy BDE-99 in contaminated sediments.
水产养殖废水（AE）和多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）问题在沿海地区很常见。红树林沉积物中 2,2',4,4',5-五溴二苯醚（BDE-99）这一主要 PBDE 同系物的命运及其受 AE 的影响尚未有报道。本研究进行了为期 12 个月的微宇宙实验，结果表明受污染沉积物中超过 55%的 BDE-99 在实验结束时被去除。去除率取决于处理方式，其中受 AE 灌溉和白骨壤（Kandelia obovata，Ko）种植处理（WP）的去除率最高，其次是 Ko 种植但无 AE（WP）、无 AE 种植（NP）和无 AE 无种植（NP）。所有处理均观察到 BDE-99 的羟基化，对邻位溴取代有偏好，随后是间位溴取代，对位溴取代最少。BDE-99 也被脱溴化为三溴和二溴同系物等低溴代同系物。与母体 BDE-99 不同，对位取代的 BDE-28 和 -15 比邻位取代的 BDE-17 和 -7 更占优势，这表明邻位取代的同系物可以进一步脱溴。AE 的添加增加了 Ko 中 PBDEs 的根吸收。这些发现表明，添加 AE 和种植 Ko 可能是修复受污染沉积物中 BDE-99 的有效方法。
