Department of Soil and Fertilizer, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP). Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane Avenue s/n, P. C. 14884900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Biology, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP). Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane Avenue s/n, P. C. 14884900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2019 Sep;142:224-233. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.07.010. Epub 2019 Jul 9.
Salt stress is known to negatively affect the fundamental processes in plants, reducing their growth and yield. The role of Silicon (Si) to protect the sorghum and sunflower plants against salinity stress was assessed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different forms of Si application on the uptake and use efficiency of macronutrients and micronutrients in sorghum and sunflower plants under salinity stress under greenhouse conditions. Two experiments were conducted using sorghum and sunflower under greenhouse conditions. Four Si levels were applied to plants: no Si application; foliar application of 28.6 mmol.L; root application of 2.0 mmol.L; and combined Si application with both via nutrient solution and foliar spraying. Each Si treatment was applied in the absence and presence of NaCl (100 mM). Thirty days after treatments, sodium (Na) and Si accumulation, nutrient uptake and use efficiency, and the roots and total plant dry weight were measured. Salinity stress induced nutritional imbalance and decreased dry weight production in both plant species. Our results showed that Si application alleviated the salinity stress by decreased Na uptake and increased nutritional efficiency, thereby favoring the total plant dry weight in sorghum by 27% and sunflower by 41%. This occurred when Si was applied either via root or in combination via root and foliar application, respectively. Collectively, our findings indicate that Si application can attenuate the deleterious effects of salt stress and increase yield in sorghum and sunflower plants in a sustainable manner.
盐胁迫已知会对植物的基本过程产生负面影响，从而降低其生长和产量。本研究评估了硅（Si）对高粱和向日葵植物抵御盐胁迫的作用。本研究的目的是评估在温室条件下不同形式的 Si 应用对盐胁迫下高粱和向日葵植物吸收和利用大量和微量元素的影响。在温室条件下用高粱和向日葵进行了两项实验。向植物施用四种 Si 水平：不施 Si；叶面喷施 28.6mmol.L；根部施用 2.0mmol.L；通过营养液和叶面喷雾进行 Si 联合施用。在没有和存在 NaCl（100mM）的情况下，每种 Si 处理均进行了施用。处理后 30 天，测量钠（Na）和 Si 积累、养分吸收和利用效率以及根和整株植物的干重。盐胁迫导致两种植物的营养失衡和干重产量降低。我们的结果表明，Si 应用通过减少 Na 吸收和提高营养效率来缓解盐胁迫，从而使高粱的整株植物干重增加 27%，向日葵增加 41%。当 Si 通过根部或分别通过根部和叶面施用进行施用时，就会发生这种情况。总之，我们的研究结果表明，Si 应用可以减轻盐胁迫对高粱和向日葵植物的有害影响，并以可持续的方式提高产量。
