TCD School of Nursing & Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
Women Birth. 2020 Jul;33(4):e311-e319. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2019.07.001. Epub 2019 Jul 16.
Equipping midwives and nurses with confidence to provide bereavement care to parents who have experienced a perinatal loss is vital and impacts on the efficacy of the care received by grieving parents. In education and clinical practice environments there are shortages of bereavement care questionnaires specifically designed to measure midwives' and nurses' confidence and psychosocial factors that impact on their confidence to provide bereavement care.
The purpose of the study was to develop a valid and reliable perinatal bereavement care confidence scale (PBCCS).
The PBCCS was developed in 4 phases. Phase 1: Questionnaire development, 44 questions were formulated from the literature. Phase 2: Face and content validation of the PBCCS by an Expert Panel. Phase 3: A pilot study was conducted and included 10 cognitive pre-testing interviews and test-retest reliability assessment with a cohort of 26 midwives. Phase 4: Construct validity was assessed using factor analysis with 277 midwives and nurses. In order to avoid confusion with terminologies, the term midwife was used for both nurses and midwives who provided care to bereaved parents and participated in the study. Internal consistency reliability measurement was assessed with Cronbach's alpha. Ethical approval of the study was obtained from four maternity hospitals in Ireland.
The PBCCS has 43 items. Bereavement care knowledge (15 items, 3 sub-scales). Bereavement care skills (9 items, 2 sub-scales). Self-awareness (8 items, 2 sub-scales). Organisational support (11 items, 2 subscales). The internal consistency reliabilities ranged from 0.753 to 0.871 except for one subscale 0.663.
The PBCCS is a valid and reliable tool with good psychometric properties which can be used to measure midwives' confidence and the psychosocial factors thatimpact on their confidence to provide bereavement care.
让助产士和护士有信心为经历围产期丧失的父母提供丧亲关怀至关重要，这会影响到悲痛欲绝的父母所接受的关怀效果。在教育和临床实践环境中，缺乏专门设计用于衡量助产士和护士信心的丧亲关怀问卷，以及影响他们提供丧亲关怀信心的心理社会因素。
本研究旨在开发一种有效的、可靠的围产期丧亲关怀信心量表（PBCCS）。
PBCCS 的开发分为 4 个阶段。第 1 阶段：问卷制定，从文献中制定了 44 个问题。第 2 阶段：通过专家小组对 PBCCS 进行了表面和内容验证。第 3 阶段：进行了一项试点研究，包括对 10 名认知预测试者进行访谈，并对 26 名助产士进行了重测信度评估。第 4 阶段：采用因子分析对 277 名助产士和护士进行了结构有效性评估。为了避免术语混淆，术语助产士用于为丧亲父母提供护理并参与研究的护士和助产士。采用 Cronbach's alpha 评估内部一致性信度。该研究已获得爱尔兰四家妇产医院的伦理批准。
PBCCS 有 43 个项目。丧亲关怀知识（15 项，3 个子量表）。丧亲关怀技能（9 项，2 个子量表）。自我意识（8 项，2 个子量表）。组织支持（11 项，2 个子量表）。内部一致性信度范围从 0.753 到 0.871，除了一个子量表为 0.663。
PBCCS 是一种具有良好心理测量学特性的有效且可靠的工具，可用于衡量助产士的信心以及影响其提供丧亲关怀信心的心理社会因素。
