Debchoudhury Indira, Farley Shannon M
Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Tobacco Control, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Queens, NY, USA.
Tob Use Insights. 2019 Jul 3;12:1179173X19859355. doi: 10.1177/1179173X19859355. eCollection 2019.
Smoke-free regulations are the norm in workplaces and public outdoor areas across New York City (NYC), and smoke-free apartment building regulations are less widespread. In 2017, more than one-third (37.6%) of NYC multiunit housing (MUH) residents reported breathing secondhand smoke (SHS) from neighboring units. In 2015, the NYC Health Department conducted a cross-sectional phone survey among a random sample of NYC low-income and market-rate MUH property owners/managers as a follow-up to a 2012 study. The study compared owners' experiences and attitudes regarding smoke-free policies. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used. Overall, the proportion of owners who have a policy prohibiting smoking in individual units (33% vs 37%) increased between 2012 and 2015. In both waves, owners without low-income units (wave 1: 36%, wave 2: 40%) were more likely to have smoke-free housing policies than those with low-income units (wave 1: 26%, wave 2: 30%). The models adjusted for factors such as current smoking, size and nature of housing units, and several beliefs. Owners in 2015 were more likely to have a smoke-free policy (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.003, 1.564) and, among those without a current smoke-free policy, to have future interest in smoke-free unit policies (AOR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.17, 2.39) than in 2012. An increasing proportion of NYC MUH owners are reducing tenant exposure to SHS and providing them with a healthier environment. We expect to see further expansion of smoke-free housing in NYC as positive norms grow.
无烟规定在纽约市（NYC）的工作场所和公共户外区域是常态，而无烟公寓楼规定的普及程度较低。2017年，超过三分之一（37.6%）的纽约市多单元住房（MUH）居民报告称吸入了来自相邻单元的二手烟（SHS）。2015年，纽约市卫生部门对纽约市低收入和市场价格的多单元住房物业所有者/管理者的随机样本进行了横断面电话调查，作为2012年一项研究的后续行动。该研究比较了业主对无烟政策的经历和态度。使用了双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。总体而言，在2012年至2015年期间，制定禁止在各单元吸烟政策的业主比例有所增加（33%对37%）。在这两个阶段，没有低收入单元的业主（第一阶段：36%，第二阶段：40%）比有低收入单元的业主（第一阶段：26%，第二阶段：30%）更有可能制定无烟住房政策。模型对当前吸烟情况、住房单元的大小和性质以及几种观念等因素进行了调整。2015年的业主比2012年更有可能制定无烟政策（调整后的优势比[AOR]：1.25，95%置信区间[CI]：1.003，1.564），并且在那些目前没有无烟政策的业主中，对无烟单元政策有未来兴趣的可能性更大（AOR：1.68，95%CI：1.17，2.39）。纽约市多单元住房业主中越来越大比例的人正在减少租户接触二手烟的机会，并为他们提供更健康的环境。随着积极规范的发展，我们预计纽约市无烟住房将进一步扩大。
