Farley Shannon M, Waddell Elizabeth Needham, Coady Micaela H, Grimshaw Victoria, Wright Danielle A, Mandel-Ricci Jenna, Kansagra Susan M
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Queens, NY, USA,
J Urban Health. 2015 Apr;92(2):291-303. doi: 10.1007/s11524-014-9934-z.
Secondhand smoke exposure is a concern in multiunit housing, where smoke can migrate between apartments. In 2012, the New York City (NYC) Department of Health and Mental Hygiene conducted a cross-sectional mail and phone survey among a random sample of low-income and market-rate multiunit housing owners and managers in NYC. The study compared experiences and attitudes regarding smoke-free policies between owners/managers (owners) with and without low-income units. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the correlates of smoke-free residential unit rules and interest in adopting new smoke-free rules. Perceived benefits and challenges of implementing smoke-free rules were also examined. Overall, one-third of owners prohibited smoking in individual units. Among owners, nearly one-third owned or managed buildings with designated certified low-income units. Owners with low-income units were less likely than those without to have a smoke-free unit policy (26 vs. 36 %, p < 0.01) or be aware that owners can legally adopt smoke-free building policies (60 vs. 70 %, p < 0.01). In the final model, owners who believed that owners could legally adopt smoke-free policies were more likely to have a smoke-free unit policy, while current smokers and owners of larger buildings were less likely to have a policy. Nearly three quarters of owners without smoke-free units were interested in prohibiting smoking in all of their building/units (73 %). Among owners, correlates of interest in prohibiting smoking included awareness that secondhand smoke is a health issue and knowledge of their legal rights to prohibit smoking in their buildings. Current smokers were less likely to be interested in future smoke-free policies. Educational programs promoting awareness of owners' legal right to adopt smoke-free policies in residential buildings may improve the availability of smoke-free multiunit housing.
在多单元住房中，二手烟暴露是一个令人担忧的问题，因为烟雾会在公寓之间蔓延。2012年，纽约市卫生和精神卫生部门对纽约市低收入和市场价格的多单元住房业主和管理人员进行了随机抽样的横断面邮件和电话调查。该研究比较了有和没有低收入单元的业主/管理人员（业主）在无烟政策方面的经验和态度。采用逻辑回归分析来评估无烟居住单元规则的相关因素以及采用新的无烟规则的意愿。还研究了实施无烟规则的感知益处和挑战。总体而言，三分之一的业主禁止在单个单元内吸烟。在业主中，近三分之一拥有或管理有指定认证低收入单元的建筑。有低收入单元的业主比没有的业主更不可能制定无烟单元政策（26%对36%，p<0.01），或者意识到业主可以合法采用无烟建筑政策（60%对70%，p<0.01）。在最终模型中，认为业主可以合法采用无烟政策的业主更有可能制定无烟单元政策，而目前吸烟者和大型建筑的业主则不太可能制定该政策。近四分之三没有无烟单元的业主有兴趣在其所有建筑/单元内禁止吸烟（73%）。在业主中，禁止吸烟意愿的相关因素包括意识到二手烟是一个健康问题以及了解他们在建筑物内禁止吸烟的合法权利。目前吸烟者对未来无烟政策的兴趣较低。促进业主了解在住宅建筑中采用无烟政策合法权利的教育项目可能会增加无烟多单元住房的供应量。
