Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Institut für Humanernährung und Lebensmittelkunde, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2019 Sep;27(9):1472-1481. doi: 10.1002/oby.22557. Epub 2019 Jul 19.
Chronic positive energy balance leads to obesity, and the "excess" weight is usually described as consisting solely of adipose tissue (AT) or its two components, fat and fat-free mass (nonfat cell mass, extracellular fluid). This study aimed to clarify the nature of "obesity" tissue.
A total of 333 adults had AT, skin, skeletal muscle, bone, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, brain, and residual mass measured or derived using magnetic resonance imaging and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. First, associations between these components and AT were examined by developing multiple regression models. Next, obesity-tissue composition was developed by deriving mean component mass differences between participant groups with normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m ) and those with obesity (BMI > 29.9 kg/m ); respective resting energy expenditures and metabolizable energy and protein contents were calculated.
AT significantly predicted organ-tissue mass in 17 of 18 multiple regression models. In addition to AT and skeletal muscle, the following associations were found: skin, liver, and bone were main contributors to obesity-tissue composition; liver, kidneys, and heart to resting energy expenditure; and skin, liver, and bone to metabolizable energy and protein contents. A pronounced sexual dimorphism was present in all three models.
Obesity is characterized not only by excess AT but by increases in the masses of other "companion" organs and tissues and their related metabolic properties.
慢性正能量平衡导致肥胖，而“多余”的体重通常被描述为仅由脂肪组织 (AT) 或其两个组成部分，脂肪和去脂体重（非脂肪细胞质量，细胞外液）组成。本研究旨在阐明“肥胖”组织的性质。
共有 333 名成年人通过磁共振成像和双能 X 射线吸收仪测量或推导出 AT、皮肤、骨骼肌、骨骼、心脏、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、大脑和残余质量。首先，通过开发多元回归模型，检查这些成分与 AT 之间的关系。接下来，通过推导正常体重（BMI<25kg/m ）和肥胖（BMI>29.9kg/m ）组参与者之间的平均成分质量差异来确定肥胖组织的组成；分别计算相应的静息能量消耗和可代谢能量和蛋白质含量。
AT 在 18 个多元回归模型中的 17 个中显著预测了器官组织质量。除了 AT 和骨骼肌外，还发现以下关联：皮肤、肝脏和骨骼是肥胖组织组成的主要贡献者；肝脏、肾脏和心脏与静息能量消耗有关；皮肤、肝脏和骨骼与可代谢能量和蛋白质含量有关。所有三个模型都存在明显的性别二态性。
肥胖不仅表现为 AT 过剩，还表现为其他“伴生”器官和组织的质量增加及其相关的代谢特性。
