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[关于保护拟对其采取或正在考虑对其适用医学强制性措施的人员权利的相关问题]

[THE RELEVANT ISSUES ON PROTECTING THE RIGHTS OF A PERSON IN RESPECT OF WHOM THE USE OF COMPULSORY MEASURES OF A MEDICAL CHARACTER IS INTENDED OR THEIR APPLICATION IS CONSIDERED].

作者信息

Ablamskiy S, Romaniuk V, Simonovych D, Drozd V, Ustymenko O

机构信息

1Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs, Department of Criminal Procedure and Organization of Pre-Trial Investigation, Faculty №1.

2II Scientific and Research Department of the Scientific and Research Laboratory of Issues of Legal and Organizational Support of the Activities of the Ministry of the State Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine.

出版信息

Georgian Med News. 2019 May(290):150-157.

Abstract

The aim of this manuscript is to identify the current issues relating to protecting the rights of a person in respect of whom the use of compulsory measures of a medical character is intended or their application is considered. The complex of general scientific and special methods of legal science was used to achieve the goal of the study, solve the problems and prove the results of the research. The comparative legal method was used for analyzing the criminal procedural legislation of Ukraine, other countries and the practice of the European Court of Human Rights. The systematic structural method gave an opportunity to describe an order of closing a pre-trial investigation in criminal proceedings for the application of compulsory measures of a medical character. The formal logical (dogmatic) method lies at the basis of the definitions' formation in the framework of the research's subject. The statistical method was used for summarizing and working on the statistical reports, materials of investigative and judicial practice. Special attention to this issue is due to the fact that there exists a separate category of people committed a socially harmful act, stipulated by the Ukrainian law on crimtinal responsibility, who were found legally insane, or committed a criminal offense in a state of sanity, but have caught a mental illness before sentencing. According to this fact, there are additional guarantees for the protection of the rights of such persons in the Chapter 39 of the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine, which are fully consistent with the international legal standards. Due to the conducted research, it has been proposed the following: firstly, to provide for mandatory participation of the legal representative of the person in respect of whom the use of compulsory measures of a medical character is intended or their application is considered at the legislative level; secondly, to change the name of the procedural document, which completes the pre-trial investigation in the criminal proceedings on the application of compulsory medical measures to the decision allowing the court to resolve the issue of the application of compulsory measures of a medical character; thirdly, to determine the content of this resolution by clearly specifying the list of information that should be contained in such resolution.

摘要

本手稿的目的是确定与保护那些拟对其采取或考虑对其适用医学性质的强制措施的人的权利相关的当前问题。为实现研究目标、解决问题并论证研究结果,运用了法学的一般科学方法和特殊方法的综合。比较法方法用于分析乌克兰、其他国家的刑事诉讼立法以及欧洲人权法院的实践。系统结构方法使我们有机会描述在刑事诉讼中针对适用医学性质的强制措施进行审前调查终结的程序。形式逻辑(教义学)方法是在研究主题框架内形成定义的基础。统计方法用于汇总和处理统计报告、侦查和司法实践材料。对这个问题应给予特别关注,因为乌克兰关于刑事责任的法律规定了一类实施了社会危害行为的人,他们被认定为法律上的精神错乱者,或者在神志清醒时实施了刑事犯罪,但在判决前患上了精神疾病。基于这一事实,乌克兰《刑事诉讼法典》第39章中有针对此类人员权利保护的额外保障措施,这些措施与国际法律标准完全一致。基于所进行的研究,提出了以下建议:第一,在立法层面规定拟对其采取或考虑对其适用医学性质强制措施的人的法定代表人必须参与;第二,将在关于适用强制医疗措施的刑事诉讼中完成审前调查的程序性文件的名称更改为允许法院解决适用医学性质强制措施问题的决定;第三,通过明确规定此类决定应包含的信息清单来确定该决定的内容。

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