Nestlé Research, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, Case Postale 44, CH-1000, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Medical Drive, 117609, Singapore.
Appetite. 2019 Nov 1;142:104371. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104371. Epub 2019 Jul 16.
Parents' feeding practices have been shown to be associated with children's food intake and weight status, but little is known about feeding practices in Asian countries. This study used behavioral observation to explore the feeding practices of 201 mothers of 4.5 year-old children in Singapore during an ad libitum buffet lunch. Feeding practices were coded from videos, focusing on behaviors used to prompt the child to eat more food (autonomy-supportive and coercive-controlling prompts to eat, suggesting items from buffet), those to reduce intake (restriction, questioning food choice), and those related to eating rate (hurrying or slowing child eating). Child outcome measures included energy consumed, variety of food items selected, and BMI. Maternal restriction and trying to slow child eating rate were associated with higher energy consumed by the child (r = 0.19 and 0.13, respectively; p < 0.05). Maternal autonomy-supportive prompts and restriction were associated with a greater variety of items selected by children (r = 0.19 and 0.15, respectively; p < 0.05). The frequency of maternal feeding practice use differed across ethnic groups, with Malay mothers using the most prompts to eat (p < 0.05), Chinese mothers most likely to question a child's food choice (p < 0.01), and Indian mothers the last likely to tell the child to eat faster (p < 0.001). There were no differences between ethnic groups for other feeding practices. No associations were found between feeding practices and child BMI. It is possible that feeding practices related to restriction and slowing child eating are adopted in response to children who consume larger portions, although longitudinal or intervention studies are needed to confirm the direction of this relationship and create local recommendations.
父母的喂养行为已被证明与儿童的食物摄入和体重状况有关，但亚洲国家的喂养行为知之甚少。本研究使用行为观察法，在新加坡对 201 名 4.5 岁儿童的母亲在自助午餐时进行了录像，以探索她们的喂养行为。从视频中对喂养行为进行编码，重点关注用于促使孩子多吃食物的行为（促进自主性和控制性提示进食、从自助餐中建议食物）、减少摄入的行为（限制、询问食物选择）和与进食速度有关的行为（加快或减缓孩子进食速度）。儿童的结果测量包括消耗的能量、选择的食物种类和 BMI。母亲的限制和试图减缓孩子的进食速度与孩子消耗的能量更高有关（r 值分别为 0.19 和 0.13；p 值均<0.05）。母亲的促进自主性的提示和限制与孩子选择的食物种类更多有关（r 值分别为 0.19 和 0.15；p 值均<0.05）。母亲喂养行为的使用频率因族裔群体而异，马来母亲使用最多的提示进食（p 值<0.05），中国母亲最有可能询问孩子的食物选择（p 值<0.01），印度母亲最不可能告诉孩子吃得更快（p 值<0.001）。其他喂养行为在族裔群体之间没有差异。喂养行为与儿童 BMI 之间没有关联。可能是与限制和减缓孩子进食速度有关的喂养行为是针对摄入较多食物的孩子采取的，尽管需要进行纵向或干预研究来确认这种关系的方向，并制定当地的建议。
