Departments of Internal MedicineUniversity of California Davis, Davis, CA.
Departments of Internal MedicineUniversity of California Davis, Davis, CA.
J Lipid Res. 2019 Sep;60(9):1603-1609. doi: 10.1194/jlr.P091249. Epub 2019 Jul 18.
Heritability of allele, apo(a) isoform sizes, and isoform-associated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels was studied in 82 Caucasian and African-American families with two parents and two children (age: 6-74 years). We determined: ) Lp(a) levels; ) allele sizes; ) apo(a) isoform sizes; and ) isoform-specific apo(a) levels (ISLs), the amount of Lp(a) carried by an individual apo(a) isoform. Trait heritability was estimated by mid-parent-offspring analysis. The ethnicity-adjusted heritability estimate for Lp(a) level was 0.95. Heritability for ISLs corresponding to the smaller allele in a given allele-pair was higher than that corresponding to the larger allele (0.91 vs. 0.59, = 0.017). Although not statistically different, heritability for both apo(a) isoforms (0.90 vs. 0.70) and alleles (0.98 vs. 0.82) was higher for the smaller versus larger sizes. Heritability was generally lower in African-Americans versus Caucasians with a 4-fold difference for the larger allele (0.25 vs. 0.94, = 0.001). In Caucasians, an overall higher heritability pattern was noted for the older (≥47 years) versus younger (<47 years) families. In conclusion, Lp(a) level and traits associated with the smaller alleles were strongly determined by genetics, although with a varying ethnic influence. Ethnic differences in heritability of the larger allele warrant further investigations.
该研究在 82 个具有双亲及两个子女（年龄 6-74 岁）的白种人和非裔美国家庭中，研究了 等位基因、载脂蛋白（apo）a 同种型大小和同种型相关脂蛋白（Lp[a]）水平的遗传率。我们测定了：）Lp[a]水平；）等位基因大小；）apo（a）同种型大小；以及）同种型特异性载脂蛋白（apo）a 水平（ISLs），即个体 Lp[a]由特定 apo（a）同种型携带的量。通过中亲-子女分析来估计表型遗传率。经过调整的种族遗传率估计值为 0.95。在给定等位基因对中，较小 等位基因对应的 ISLs 遗传率高于较大 等位基因（0.91 对 0.59，=0.017）。尽管无统计学差异，但较小 apo（a）同种型（0.90 对 0.70）和 等位基因（0.98 对 0.82）的遗传率均大于较大大小。非裔美国人的遗传率普遍低于白种人，较大 等位基因的差异高达 4 倍（0.25 对 0.94，=0.001）。在白种人中，≥47 岁的家庭较<47 岁的家庭遗传率整体更高。总之，尽管存在不同的种族影响，但 Lp[a]水平和与较小 等位基因相关的表型主要由遗传决定。较大 等位基因遗传率的种族差异值得进一步研究。
