School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge LL59 5AB, UK.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Nov 15;691:760-768. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.156. Epub 2019 Jul 12.
Widespread coastal urbanization has resulted in artificial light pollution encroaching into intertidal habitats, which are highly valued by society for ecosystem services including coastal protection, climate regulation and recreation. While the impacts of artificial light at night in terrestrial and riparian ecosystems are increasingly well documented, those on organisms that reside in coastal intertidal habitats are less well explored. The distribution of artificial light at night from seaside promenade lighting was mapped across a sandy shore, and its consequences for macroinvertebrate community structure quantified accounting for other collinear environmental variables known to shape biodiversity in intertidal ecosystems (shore height, wave exposure and organic matter content). Macroinvertebrate community composition significantly changed along artificial light gradients. Greater numbers of species and total community biomass were observed with increasing illumination, a relationship that was more pronounced (increased effects size) with increasing organic matter availability. Individual taxa exhibited different relationships with artificial light illuminance; the abundances of 27% of non-rare taxa [including amphipods (Amphipoda), catworms (Nephtys spp.), and sand mason worms (Lanice conchilega)] decreased with increasing illumination, while 20% [including tellins (Tellinidae spp.), lugworms (Arenicola marina) and ragworms (Nereididae spp.)] increased. Possible causes of these relationships are discussed, including direct effects of artificial light on macroinvertebrate behaviour and indirect effects via trophic interactions. With increasing light pollution in coastal zones around the world, larger scale changes in intertidal ecosystems could be occurring.
沿海城市化的广泛发展导致人工光污染侵入潮间带生境，这些生境因其生态系统服务而受到社会的高度重视，包括海岸保护、气候调节和娱乐等。虽然夜间人工光在陆地和河岸生态系统中的影响已经得到越来越多的记录，但对于生活在沿海潮间带生境中的生物的影响却还没有得到很好的探索。本研究绘制了海滨长廊照明的夜间人工光在沙滩上的分布，并根据其他已知影响潮间带生态系统生物多样性的共线性环境变量（岸高、波浪暴露和有机物含量）来量化其对大型无脊椎动物群落结构的影响。夜间人工光梯度对大型无脊椎动物群落组成有显著影响。随着光照的增加，观察到更多的物种和总群落生物量，这种关系在有机物供应增加时更加明显（影响大小增加）。个别分类群与人工光光照强度之间存在不同的关系；27%的非稀有分类群（包括端足类（Amphipoda）、catworms（Nephtys spp.）和sand mason worms（Lanice conchilega））的丰度随着光照的增加而减少，而 20%（包括tellins（Tellinidae spp.）、lugworms（Arenicola marina）和 ragworms（Nereididae spp.））的丰度随着光照的增加而增加。讨论了这些关系的可能原因，包括人工光对大型无脊椎动物行为的直接影响以及通过营养相互作用的间接影响。随着世界各地沿海地区光污染的增加，潮间带生态系统可能会发生更大规模的变化。
