Ruden D M, Ma J, Ptashne M
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jun;85(12):4262-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.12.4262.
GAL4 is a transcriptional activator of the galactose metabolism genes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show that GAL4 expressed in yeast activated transcription equally well when a single GAL4 binding site was placed at any of nine positions upstream of the GAL1 (galactokinase gene) "TATA box." We chose a sufficient number of positions for the binding site to ensure that, in several of these positions, GAL4 was on the opposite side of the DNA helix with respect to the TATA box. Smaller GAL4 derivatives were similar to wild-type GAL4 in that they also activated transcription in a manner independent of the side of the DNA helix they bound with respect to the TATA box. Unlike wild-type GAL4, however, these smaller GAL4 derivatives activated transcription better when we placed a binding site progressively closer to the TATA box over a distance of 34 base pairs.
GAL4是酿酒酵母中半乳糖代谢基因的转录激活因子。我们发现，当在GAL1（半乳糖激酶基因）“TATA框”上游的九个位置中的任何一个位置放置一个GAL4结合位点时，在酵母中表达的GAL4激活转录的效果同样良好。我们为结合位点选择了足够数量的位置，以确保在其中几个位置上，GAL4相对于TATA框位于DNA螺旋的另一侧。较小的GAL4衍生物与野生型GAL4相似，它们也以一种与它们相对于TATA框结合的DNA螺旋侧无关的方式激活转录。然而，与野生型GAL4不同的是，当我们在34个碱基对的距离内将结合位点逐渐靠近TATA框时，这些较小的GAL4衍生物激活转录的效果更好。
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