ELMO Domain Containing 1 (ELMOD1) Gene Mutation Is Associated with Mental Retardation and Autism Spectrum Disorder.

ELMO domain containing 1 (ELMOD1) encodes a protein with GTPase-activating functions. Previous studies have confirmed its overexpression in brain tissues. Although no previous study has reported mutations in this gene in human subjects, spontaneous inactivating mutations in the mouse homolog of this gene have been associated with deafness and balance problems. In the current study, we have performed whole exome sequencing (WES) in a patient with intellectual disability. We found a novel mutation in ELMOD1 gene (c.571delG, p.D191MfsTer25) in the proband and two other affected cases in the family. Segregation analysis showed that parents carried the mutation in the heterozygote state. Consequently, the current study reports the first case of mutation in ELMOD1 in human subjects and demonstrates the significant difference in the phenotypes associated with ELMOD1 mutations in humans and mice.