a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA.
b Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA.
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2019 Aug;16(8):869-882. doi: 10.1080/17425247.2019.1646725. Epub 2019 Jul 24.
: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has led to a significant reduction in HIV-1 morbidity and mortality. Many antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) are metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) pathway, and the majority of these drugs are also either CYP inhibitors or inducers and few possess both activities. These CYP substrates, when used for HIV treatment in the conventional dosage form, have limitations such as low systemic bioavailability, potential drug-drug interactions, and short half-lives. Thus, an alternative mode of delivery is needed in contrast to conventional ARVs. : In this review, we summarized the limitations of conventional ARVs in HIV treatment, especially for ARVs which are CYP substrates. We also discussed the preclinical and clinical studies using the nanotechnology strategy to overcome the limitations of these CYP substrates. The preclinical studies and clinical studies published from 2000 to February 2019 were discussed. : Since preclinical and clinical studies for prevention and treatment of HIV using nanotechnology approaches have shown considerable promise in recent years, nanotechnology could become an alternative strategy for daily oral therapy as a future treatment.
: 抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）显著降低了 HIV-1 的发病率和死亡率。许多抗逆转录病毒药物（ARV）通过细胞色素 P450（CYP）途径代谢，这些药物大多数既是 CYP 抑制剂又是诱导剂，少数则同时具有这两种活性。当这些 CYP 底物以常规剂量形式用于 HIV 治疗时，存在着局限性，如系统生物利用度低、潜在的药物相互作用和半衰期短。因此，与传统的 ARV 相比，需要一种替代的给药方式。 : 在这篇综述中，我们总结了传统 ARV 在 HIV 治疗中的局限性，特别是对作为 CYP 底物的 ARV。我们还讨论了使用纳米技术策略克服这些 CYP 底物局限性的临床前和临床研究。讨论了 2000 年至 2019 年 2 月发表的临床前研究和临床研究。 : 由于近年来使用纳米技术方法预防和治疗 HIV 的临床前和临床研究显示出了相当大的前景，纳米技术可能成为未来治疗的一种替代每日口服治疗策略。
