State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
Adv Mater. 2020 Feb;32(5):e1902301. doi: 10.1002/adma.201902301. Epub 2019 Jul 22.
Fiber is a symbol of human civilization, being ubiquitous but obscure in society over most of history. Fiber has been revived upon the advent of fiber-based electronic devices in the past two decades. This is due to its desirable lightweight, flexible, and conformable characteristics, which enable it to play a fundamental role in the electronic and information era. Numerous fiber-based electronic devices have sprung up in energy conversion, energy storage, sensing, actuation, etc. A possibility is thereby conceived that they can be integrated into smart systems compatible with the human body, consisting of biotic fiber-based organs and tissues, which possess similar but more advanced functions. However, the design of mono-/multifibers, the construction of fiber-based devices, and the integration of these smart systems represent great challenges in fundamental understanding and practical implementation. A systematic review of the current state of the art with respect to the design and fabrication of electronic fiber materials, construction of fiber-based devices, and integration of smart systems is presented. In addition, limitations of current fiber-based devices and perspectives are explored toward potential and promising smart integration.
纤维是人类文明的象征，在历史的大部分时间里，它无处不在但又不为人知。在过去的二十年中，随着基于纤维的电子设备的出现，纤维重新焕发生机。这是由于其理想的轻量级、灵活性和适应性特点，使其能够在电子和信息时代发挥基础作用。大量基于纤维的电子设备在能量转换、能量存储、传感、致动等方面涌现出来。由此产生了一种可能性，即它们可以集成到与人体兼容的智能系统中，这些系统由具有相似但更先进功能的生物纤维基器官和组织组成。然而，单纤维/多纤维的设计、纤维基器件的构建以及这些智能系统的集成在基础理解和实际实施方面都面临着巨大的挑战。本文对电子纤维材料的设计和制造、纤维基器件的构建以及智能系统的集成方面的最新研究进展进行了综述。此外，还探讨了当前纤维基器件的局限性和未来发展方向，以期实现潜在而有前途的智能集成。
