干预措施对卒中后日常体力活动和久坐行为的影响：系统评价。
Influence of Interventions on Daily Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior after Stroke: A Systematic Review.
机构信息
Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Department of Health and Physical Activity, School of Education, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
出版信息
PM R. 2020 Feb;12(2):186-201. doi: 10.1002/pmrj.12222. Epub 2019 Jul 22.
BACKGROUND
Evidence suggests that frequent engagement in daily activities requiring physical activity may influence risk factors for recurrent stroke. The effects of nonpharmacological interventions on daily physical activity levels and sedentary behavior are unclear.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the effects of interventions on levels of daily physical activity and sedentary behavior among people with stroke.
METHODS
OVID/Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Database were searched using the following search terms: stroke, rehabilitation, intervention, sedentary, physical activity, lifestyle, self-management, and exercise. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were conducted by two authors.
RESULTS
Thirty-one interventions were identified that included exercise, behavior change techniques, and education components. These components were delivered alone and in varying combinations. At postintervention, between-group effects on change scores (Cohen's d = 0.17-0.75, P < .05) or between-group differences in odds of participating in daily physical activity (odds ratio [OR] = 2.07, P < .05) were detected in six studies, and within-group effects in nine studies (Cohen's d = 0.21-3.97, P < .05). At follow-up, between-group differences in odds of participating in daily physical activity were detected in one study (OR = 2.64, P < .05), and within-group effects in two studies (Cohen's d = 0.25, P < .05). No effects (P < .05) were detected in 17 studies.
CONCLUSION
It may be possible to modify daily physical activity levels and sedentary behavior poststroke; however, there is insufficient evidence to suggest the superiority of a particular intervention approach. Future studies should explore the unique contributions of individual intervention components to guide development of parsimonious multicomponent interventions that are effective for promoting daily physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior among people with stroke.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
I.
背景
有证据表明，经常参与需要体力活动的日常活动可能会影响中风复发的风险因素。非药物干预对日常体力活动水平和久坐行为的影响尚不清楚。
目的
描述干预措施对中风患者日常体力活动和久坐行为水平的影响。
方法
使用以下搜索词在 OVID/Medline、CINAHL、PsycINFO 和 Cochrane 数据库中进行检索：stroke、rehabilitation、intervention、sedentary、physical activity、lifestyle、self-management 和 exercise。两名作者进行了数据提取和偏倚风险评估。
结果
确定了 31 项干预措施，包括运动、行为改变技术和教育组成部分。这些组成部分单独或组合使用。在干预后，六项研究中检测到组间变化分数的差异（Cohen's d=0.17-0.75，P<0.05）或组间差异在日常体力活动中参与的可能性（优势比[OR]=2.07，P<0.05），而九项研究中则检测到组内效果（Cohen's d=0.21-3.97，P<0.05）。在随访时，一项研究检测到日常体力活动中参与的可能性的组间差异（OR=2.64，P<0.05），两项研究检测到组内效果（Cohen's d=0.25，P<0.05）。17 项研究未检测到差异（P<0.05）。
结论
中风后可能改变日常体力活动水平和久坐行为；然而，没有足够的证据表明特定干预方法具有优越性。未来的研究应探索个别干预措施的独特贡献，以指导开发经济有效的多成分干预措施，促进中风患者的日常体力活动和减少久坐行为。
证据水平
I。
Zotero 插件