Institute of Histology and Embryology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Medicine, Špitálska 24, SK-81372 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Institute of Histology and Embryology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Medicine, Špitálska 24, SK-81372 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Ann Anat. 2019 Nov;226:16-22. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2019.07.005. Epub 2019 Jul 19.
At first sight, the issue of morphological terminology may seem to be a "closed and unchanging chapter", as many of the structures within the human body have been known for decades or even centuries. However, the exact opposite is true. The initial knowledge of the microscopic structure of the human body has been continuously broadening thanks to the development of new specialized staining techniques, discovery of the electron microscope, or later application of histochemical and immunohistochemical methods into routine tissue examination. Contrary to popular belief, histology has a status of constantly developing scientific discipline, with continuous influx of new knowledge, resulting in an unavoidable necessity to revise the histological nomenclature at regular intervals. The team of experts of the Federative International Programme on Anatomical Terminology, a working group of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists, published in 2008 the First Edition of Terminologia Histologica. Terminologia Histologica (TH) is the best and most extensive of all the histological nomenclatures ever issued. However, here we suggest that several terms of important histological structures are still missing while several other terms are disputable. First, we present some clinically important terms of cells and tissue structures for inclusion in the next TH and, in a second part, we refer to some new terms in the current edition of the TH which are not yet mentioned in current histology textbooks (e.g., fusocellular connective tissue, bundle bone as the third type of bone tissue, spongy layer of vagina or arteria vaginata from the splenic white pulp). With this article we hope to start a wide scientific discussion which will lead to an inambiguous definition and demonstration of typical examples of all terms in the TH, with the result that the new edition of the Terminologia Histologica will become an internationally accepted communication tool for all practitioners and teachers of histology alike.
乍一看，形态学术语问题似乎是一个“封闭且不变的篇章”，因为人体的许多结构已经为人所知几十年甚至几个世纪了。然而，事实恰恰相反。由于新的专门染色技术的发展、电子显微镜的发现，或者后来将组织化学和免疫组织化学方法应用于常规组织检查，人体微观结构的初步知识不断得到扩展。与普遍的看法相反，组织学是一门不断发展的科学学科，不断有新知识的涌入，因此不可避免地需要定期修订组织学命名法。国际解剖学协会联合会的一个工作组，即国际解剖学协会联合会形态学术语规划专家组的专家们于 2008 年出版了《组织学命名法》第一版。《组织学命名法》（TH）是有史以来所有组织学命名法中最好、最广泛的。然而，我们建议在接下来的 TH 中加入一些重要的组织学结构的术语，而另一些术语则存在争议。首先，我们提出了一些细胞和组织结构的临床重要术语，以纳入下一个 TH；其次，我们提到了当前 TH 中一些尚未在当前组织学教科书中提到的新术语（例如，成纤维细胞结缔组织、束状骨作为第三种骨组织、阴道海绵层或脾白髓的阴道动脉）。我们希望通过这篇文章，引发广泛的科学讨论，从而对 TH 中的所有术语进行明确的定义和展示，结果是《组织学命名法》的新版本将成为所有组织学从业者和教师都能接受的国际交流工具。
