and Polymorphisms and Clinical Outcome in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Receiving Sorafenib.

Sorafenib represents the standard of care for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), even though a large number of patients have reported limited efficacy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic value of single-nucleotide polymorphisms on angiopoietin-2 () and endothelial-derived nitric oxide synthase () genes in 135 patients with advanced HCC receiving sorafenib. Eight polymorphisms were analyzed by direct sequencing in relation to overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). In univariate analysis, rs55633437 and rs2070744 were associated with OS and PFS. In particular, patients with rs55633437 TT/GT genotypes had significantly lower median OS (4.66 vs. 15.5 months, hazard ratio (HR) 4.86, 95% CI 2.73-8.67, < 0.001) and PFS (1.58 vs. 6.27 months, HR 4.79, 95% CI 2.73-8.35, < 0.001) than those homozygous for the G allele. Moreover, patients with rs2070744 TC/CC genotypes had significantly higher median OS (15.6 vs. 9.1 months, HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.97; 0.036) and PFS (7.03 vs. 3.5 months, HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.30-0.63; < 0.001) than patients homozygous for the T allele. Multivariate analysis confirmed these polymorphisms as independent prognostic factors. Our results suggest that rs55633437 and rs2070744 polymorphisms could identify a subset of HCC patients more resistant to sorafenib.