Department of Chemistry, School of Pure Sciences, College of Engineering, Science & Technology, Fiji National University, Nasinu, Fiji.
Department of Chemistry, School of Pure Sciences, College of Engineering, Science & Technology, Fiji National University, Nasinu, Fiji.
Adv Clin Chem. 2019;91:1-29. doi: 10.1016/bs.acc.2019.03.001. Epub 2019 May 4.
Celiac disease (CD) is a T cell-mediated inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the upper small intestine caused by the ingestion of gluten. It is increasingly recognized as a global problem by experts and societies. The diagnosis of CD is of crucial importance because its delay strongly affects patient's health and quality of life. The diagnosis of CD is, however, complex and requires reliable, sensitive, specific, rapid, simple, and cost-effective, as well-as non-invasive analytical tools. There is also a high demand to develop simple point-of-care (POC) tests for non-specialists at home or in doctors' offices. Analytical techniques are now moving toward the development of fast, more simple, non-invasive, and POC analyses. The present review focuses on recent advances of CD biomarker detection in body fluids, concerning CD specific autoantibody detection in blood and saliva using electrochemical, optic-fiber, and piezoelectric biosensors and POC finger-prick tests, and identifying CD characteristic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urine and feces.
乳糜泻（CD）是一种由麸质摄入引起的、以上消化道为靶器官的 T 细胞介导的炎症性自身免疫性疾病。专家和社会越来越多地将其视为全球性问题。CD 的诊断至关重要，因为其延误会严重影响患者的健康和生活质量。然而，CD 的诊断较为复杂，需要可靠、敏感、特异、快速、简单且具有成本效益的、非侵入性的分析工具。此外，人们还强烈希望开发出在家中或医生办公室即可供非专业人员使用的简单即时检测（POC）测试。分析技术目前正朝着快速、更简单、非侵入性和 POC 分析的方向发展。本综述重点介绍了体液中 CD 生物标志物检测的最新进展，包括使用电化学生物传感器、光纤生物传感器和压电生物传感器以及 POC 指尖检测在血液和唾液中检测 CD 特异性自身抗体，以及鉴定尿液和粪便中 CD 特征性挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）。
