Chandra Shona, Smith Karen, Alanazi Abdullah D, Alyousif Mohamed S, Emery David, Slapeta Jan
Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Ad-Dawadimi, Saudi Arabia.
Folia Parasitol (Praha). 2019 Jun 26;66:2019.007. doi: 10.14411/fp.2019.007.
Despite the global distribution of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) sensu lato (s.l.), limited information exists about their identity from the Arabian Peninsula. Ticks from free roaming urban dogs and dromedary camels in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were morphologically identified, confirmed with scanning electron microscopy and characterised at mitochondrial DNA (cox1, 12S rDNA and 16S rDNA). A total of 186 ticks were collected from 65 free roaming dogs (n = 73) and 84 dromedary camels (n = 113). Morphologically, 5.9% (11/186) were R. sanguineus s.l. and Hyalomma spp. (93.5%, 174/186). From within R. sanguineus s.l., the presence of Rhipicephalus cf. camicasi Morel, Mouchet et Rodhain, 1976 (1 dog, 2 camels) and Rhipicephalus turanicus Pomerantsev, 1936 (1 camel) is reported. The examined R. cf. camicasi form a sister group to R. sanguineus s.l. tropical lineage at all DNA markers. Dogs were parasitised by Hyalomma dromedarii Koch, 1844 (n = 59), Hyalomma impeltatum Schulze et Schlottke, 1930 (n = 1), Hyalomma excavatum Koch, 1844 (n = 2), Hyalomma turanicum Pomerantsev, 1946 (n = 1) and Hyalomma rufipes Koch,1844 (n = 1). DNA from dog blood (n = 53) from Riyadh confirmed a low prevalence of canine vector-borne pathogens that does not exceed 5.7% for Babesia spp., Mycoplasma spp., Anaplasma platys, Hepatozoon canis and Ehrlichia canis using multiplexed tandem PCR (MT-PCR) and diagnostic PCR. Low prevalence of R. sanguineus s.l. on dogs likely contributed to the low level of canine vector-borne pathogens in Saudi Arabia. We demonstrate that dogs in the central Arabian Peninsula are more commonly parasitised by Hyalomma spp. than R. sanguineus s.l.
尽管棕狗蜱（血红扇头蜱，Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) 广义）在全球分布广泛，但来自阿拉伯半岛的相关信息却很有限。对沙特阿拉伯利雅得自由放养的城市犬和单峰骆驼身上的蜱进行了形态学鉴定，通过扫描电子显微镜进行了确认，并对线粒体DNA（细胞色素氧化酶亚基1、12S核糖体DNA和16S核糖体DNA）进行了特征分析。共从65只自由放养的犬（n = 73）和84只单峰骆驼（n = 113）身上采集了186只蜱。形态学上，5.9%（11/186）为血红扇头蜱广义和璃眼蜱属（93.5%，174/186）。在血红扇头蜱广义中，报告发现了疑似卡米卡西扇头蜱（Rhipicephalus cf. camicasi Morel, Mouchet et Rodhain, 1976）（1只犬，2只骆驼）和图兰扇头蜱（Rhipicephalus turanicus Pomerantsev, 1936）（1只骆驼）。所检测的疑似卡米卡西扇头蜱在所有DNA标记上均与血红扇头蜱广义热带谱系形成姐妹群。犬被以下蜱寄生：1844年的单峰璃眼蜱（Hyalalomma dromedarii Koch）（n = 59）、1930年的凹陷璃眼蜱（Hyalalomma impeltatum Schulze et Schlottke）（n = 1）、1844年的边缘璃眼蜱（Hyalalomma excavatum Koch）（n = 2）、1946年的图兰璃眼蜱（Hyalalomma turanicum Pomerantsev）（n = 1）和1844年的红足璃眼蜱（Hyalalomma rufipes Koch）（n = 1）。利雅得犬血（n = 53）的DNA通过多重串联PCR（MT-PCR）和诊断性PCR证实，犬媒传播病原体的患病率较低，巴贝斯虫属、支原体属、血小板无形体、犬肝簇虫和犬埃立克体不超过5.7%。犬身上血红扇头蜱广义的低患病率可能导致了沙特阿拉伯犬媒传播病原体的低水平。我们证明，阿拉伯半岛中部的犬被璃眼蜱属寄生的情况比被血红扇头蜱广义寄生更为常见。
