女子排球运动员在陆地和交叉步动作中对下肢动力学的预期效应。
Anticipatory effects on lower extremity kinetics during a land and cross step maneuver in female volleyball players.
作者信息
Richwalski Bart, Wang Henry, Hankemeier Dorice, Avedesian Jason M, Judge Lawrence W, Dickin D Clark
机构信息
Biomechanics Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA.
School of Kinesiology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA.
出版信息
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2019 Jul;59(7):1168-1174. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08996-X.
BACKGROUND
Anticipation has been previously shown to affect lower extremity mechanics during both landing and cutting maneuvers. However, little research has been conducted looking at the effects of anticipation on lower body kinetics and kinematics during a land and cross step maneuver, which due to similar kinematics, may elicit injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate competitive female volleyball players and the effect of anticipation on lower extremity mechanics during a landing and subsequent cross stepping maneuver.
METHODS
Twelve female, college-level volleyball players performed right and left cross step maneuvers following a landing under anticipated and unanticipated conditions. Kinetics were measured for the ankle, knee and hip of the dominant limb during the landing phase of the land and cross step anticipatory conditions.
RESULTS
An interaction effect (anticipation x direction; P=0.001) was observed for vertical ground reaction force (VGRF), in which greater VGRF was found during unanticipated pivoting maneuvers. Additional interaction effects were determined for ankle (P=0.004) and hip (P=0.037) power absorption, in which greater absorption was found during anticipated, push off conditions. Frontal plant knee kinetics revealed a higher-order interaction, as a larger knee adduction moment was shown during anticipated, push off trials (P=0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
High risk cross step maneuvers were found during unanticipated and anticipated conditions, as athletes demonstrated movement mechanics that may increase the risk of knee injury when performing movements away from the dominant limb. Consideration should be given to drills familiarizing volleyball players with unanticipated and anticipated changes of direction, as well as improving strength of the lower extremity muscles required to effectively decelerate the body, as both training modalities may minimize injury risk during cross step maneuvers.
背景
先前的研究表明，预期会影响着陆和切入动作时的下肢力学。然而，关于预期对落地和交叉步动作时下半身动力学和运动学的影响的研究较少，由于这两个动作的运动学相似，可能会引发损伤。本研究的目的是调查竞技水平的女排运动员以及预期对着陆和随后交叉步动作时下肢力学的影响。
方法
12名大学水平的女排运动员在预期和非预期条件下着陆后进行左右交叉步动作。在落地和交叉步预期条件的着陆阶段，测量优势肢体的踝关节、膝关节和髋关节的动力学。
结果
在垂直地面反作用力（VGRF）方面观察到交互作用（预期×方向；P = 0.001），在非预期的枢转动作中发现更大的VGRF。还确定了踝关节（P = 0.004）和髋关节（P = 0.037）功率吸收的其他交互作用，在预期的蹬地条件下发现更大的吸收。额状面屈膝动力学显示出更高阶的交互作用，在预期的蹬地试验中显示出更大的膝关节内收力矩（P = 0.001）。
结论
在非预期和预期条件下都发现了高风险的交叉步动作，因为运动员表现出的运动力学可能会增加在远离优势肢体进行动作时膝盖受伤的风险。应考虑进行训练，使排球运动员熟悉非预期和预期的方向变化，以及提高有效减速身体所需的下肢肌肉力量，因为这两种训练方式都可以将交叉步动作时的受伤风险降至最低。
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