University of Rhode Island College of Pharmacy, Kingston, Rhode Island.
Am J Pharm Educ. 2019 Jun;83(5):7001. doi: 10.5688/ajpe7001.
To evaluate the impact of a six-week yoga and meditation intervention on college students' stress perception, anxiety levels, and mindfulness skills. College students participated in a six-week pilot program that consisted of a 60-minute vinyasa flow yoga class once weekly, followed by guided meditation delivered by trained faculty members at the University of Rhode Island College of Pharmacy. Students completed pre- and post-intervention questionnaires to evaluate changes in the following outcomes: stress levels, anxiety levels, and mindfulness skills. The questionnaire consisted of three self-reporting tools: the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). Students' scores on each were assessed to detect any changes from baseline using the numerical and categorical scales (low, medium, and high) for each instrument. Seventeen participants, aged 19 to 23 years, completed the study. Thirteen participants were female and four were male. Nine of the students were enrolled in the Doctor of Pharmacy program and eight were enrolled in other academic programs. Students' anxiety and stress scores decreased significantly while their total mindfulness increased significantly. Changes in categorical data from pre- to post-intervention on the BAI and PSS were significant, with no students scoring in the "high" category for stress or anxiety on the post-intervention questionnaire. Students experienced a reduction in stress and anxiety levels after completing a six-week yoga and meditation program preceding final examinations. Results suggest that adopting a mindfulness practice for as little as once per week may reduce stress and anxiety in college students. Administrators should consider including instruction in nonpharmacologic stress and anxiety reduction methods, within curricula in order to support student self-care.
为了评估为期六周的瑜伽和冥想干预对大学生压力感知、焦虑水平和正念技能的影响。大学生参加了一个为期六周的试点项目,该项目包括每周一次的 60 分钟的串联瑜伽课程,之后由罗德岛大学药学院的经过培训的教师进行指导冥想。学生在干预前后完成问卷,以评估以下结果的变化:压力水平、焦虑水平和正念技能。问卷包括三个自我报告工具:贝克焦虑量表(BAI)、感知压力量表(PSS)和五因素正念量表(FFMQ)。评估学生在每个工具上的分数,以发现基线时的任何变化,每个工具都使用数值和类别量表(低、中、高)进行评估。 十七名年龄在 19 岁至 23 岁之间的参与者完成了这项研究。其中 13 名参与者是女性,4 名是男性。9 名学生入读药学博士课程,8 名学生入读其他学术课程。学生的焦虑和压力评分显著降低,而他们的整体正念评分显著增加。BAI 和 PSS 从干预前到干预后的类别数据变化显著,在干预后的问卷中,没有学生在压力或焦虑方面的评分处于“高”类别。学生在完成期末考试前的六周瑜伽和冥想计划后,压力和焦虑水平有所降低。研究结果表明,每周进行一次正念练习,可能会减少大学生的压力和焦虑。管理者应考虑在课程中纳入非药物性压力和焦虑缓解方法的指导,以支持学生的自我护理。