Zhang Xue, Wang Yun, Li Xiaoqing, Dai Yejia, Wang Qinghao, Wang Guoyou, Liu Depeng, Gu Xuezhu, Yu Dingrong, Ma Yinlian, Zhang Cun
Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2019 Jul 3;10:750. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00750. eCollection 2019.
Fructus (GF) and carbonized GF (GFC) have been shown to exert a gastrointestinal protective effect and are frequently used in clinical practice for the treatment of hemorrhage and brown stool. In this study, we employed a combination of pharmacological methods and metabolomics in a rat model of ethanol-induced acute stomach ulcer to investigate the gastroprotective effect of GF and GFC water extracts and the potential mechanism involved in this process. The levels of nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the plasma of rats were determined. The results showed that both GF and GFC reduced the ethanol-induced gastric lesions and expression of NO and IL-6 in these rats. Of note, 16 and 11 feature metabolites were filtered and identified in the GF and GFC groups, respectively. Both GF and GFC act by restoring the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine, and the metabolism of glycerophospholipids. Moreover, histological evaluation revealed that heat processing of GF to create GFC enhanced the gastric mucosa protective effect. Furthermore, heat processing converted the main pathway from alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, associated with GF, to histidine metabolism, associated with GFC. GF and GFC ameliorated gastric mucosa lesions in rats reductions in NO production and inflammatory cytokine secretion, and the induction of prostaglandin E2.
麸炒白术（GF）和焦白术（GFC）已被证明具有胃肠道保护作用，临床上常用于治疗出血和大便色黑。在本研究中，我们在乙醇诱导的大鼠急性胃溃疡模型中采用药理学方法与代谢组学相结合的方式，研究GF和GFC水提取物的胃保护作用及其潜在机制。测定大鼠血浆中一氧化氮（NO）和白细胞介素6（IL-6）的水平。结果表明，GF和GFC均能减轻乙醇诱导的大鼠胃损伤以及NO和IL-6的表达。值得注意的是，分别在GF组和GFC组中筛选并鉴定出16种和11种特征性代谢物。GF和GFC均通过恢复缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成以及甘油磷脂的代谢发挥作用。此外，组织学评估显示，GF经热处理制成GFC后增强了胃黏膜保护作用。此外，热处理使与GF相关的丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢的主要途径转变为与GFC相关的组氨酸代谢。GF和GFC改善了大鼠胃黏膜损伤，减少了NO生成和炎性细胞因子分泌，并诱导了前列腺素E2的产生。
