利用第四次全国家庭健康调查（DLHS - 4）数据分析印度女性月经失调及卫生巾使用情况的患病率和影响因素

Prevalence and determinants of menstrual disorders and napkin usage among women in India using DLHS-4 data.

作者信息

Lohani Pallavi

机构信息

Independent Researcher, New Delhi, India.

Department of Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, India.

出版信息

J Family Med Prim Care. 2019 Jun;8(6):2106-2111. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_262_19.

DOI:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_262_19

PMID:31334188

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6618202/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Menstrual disorders and hygiene practices during the menstruation significantly affect the health of reproductive age-group women.

METHODS

The data from nationally representative survey, DLHS-4, was used. The outcome assessed were menstrual disorders and napkin usage. The predictor variables were socio-demographic characteristics such as age group, caste, religion, marital status, and education status; reproductive characteristics such as outcome of pregnancy, condom use, IUCD usage, and vaginal discharge. The descriptive analysis and logistic regression analysis were done on 1,70,632 women.

RESULTS

The most common problems experienced by women were pain (5.4%), irregular periods (4.2%), followed by frequent period, prolonged bleeding, no period, scanty bleeding, excessive bleeding, and intermenstrual bleeding. A large proportion (37%) women were using cloth during menstruation. The factors significantly associated with menstrual problems were age, 36-40 years (OR 1.26, value < 0.001), marriage before 18 years (OR 1.16, value < 0.001), no education (OR 1.24 value < 0.001), BPL card holders (OR 1.14, value < 0.001), non-users of sanitary napkin (OR 1.09, value < 0.001). The socio-demographic factors significantly associated with napkin usage were women with secondary education and higher (OR 3.52, value < 0.001), toilet use - using flush toilet (OR 1.97, value < 0.001), not possessing BPL card (OR 1.42, value < 0.001), marriage after the age of 18 years (OR 1.35, value < 0.001). The reproductive characteristics significantly associated with menstrual problems were history of spontaneous abortion (OR 1.79, value < 0.001), history of induced abortion (OR 2.29, value < 0.001), women never used condoms (OR 1.09, value < 0.001), ever used IUCD (OR 1.11, value < 0.001), history of abnormal vaginal discharge during last three months (OR 5.32, value < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

The use of sanitary napkin should be promoted as it promotes dignity, and equality of women, apart from the public health aspect.

摘要

引言

月经紊乱及经期卫生习惯对育龄期女性的健康有显著影响。

方法

使用来自具有全国代表性的第四次全国家庭健康调查（DLHS - 4）的数据。评估的结果是月经紊乱和卫生巾使用情况。预测变量为社会人口学特征，如年龄组、种姓、宗教、婚姻状况和教育状况；生殖特征，如妊娠结局、避孕套使用情况、宫内节育器使用情况和白带。对170,632名女性进行了描述性分析和逻辑回归分析。

结果

女性经历的最常见问题是疼痛（5.4%）、月经不规律（4.2%），其次是月经频发、经期延长、闭经、经量过少、经量过多和经间期出血。很大一部分（37%）女性在月经期间使用布类。与月经问题显著相关的因素有年龄36 - 40岁（比值比1.26，P值<0.001）、18岁前结婚（比值比1.16，P值<0.001）、未接受教育（比值比1.24，P值<0.001）、持有贫困线以下家庭卡（比值比1.14，P值<0.001）、不使用卫生巾（比值比1.09，P值<0.001）。与卫生巾使用显著相关的社会人口学因素有接受中等及以上教育的女性（比值比3.52，P值<0.001）、使用冲水马桶（比值比1.97，P值<0.001）、未持有贫困线以下家庭卡（比值比1.42，P值<0.001）、18岁后结婚（比值比1.35，P值<0.001）。与月经问题显著相关的生殖特征有自然流产史（比值比1.79，P值<0.001）、人工流产史（比值比2.29，P值<0.001）、从未使用过避孕套的女性（比值比1.09，P值<0.001）、曾使用宫内节育器（比值比1.11，P值<0.001）、过去三个月有异常白带史（比值比5.32，P值<0.001）。