Klomparens Eric A, Ding Yuchuan
Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA.
Brain Circ. 2019 Apr-Jun;5(2):74-83. doi: 10.4103/bc.bc_7_19. Epub 2019 Jun 27.
Sulforaphane (SFN) is a phytochemical found in cruciferous vegetables. It has been shown to have many protective effects against many diseases, including multiple types of cancer. SFN is a potent activator of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant response element (ARE) genetic pathway. Upregulation of Nrf2-ARE increases the availability of multiple antioxidants. A substantial amount of preclinical research regarding the ability of SFN to protect the nervous system from many diseases and toxins has been done, but only a few small human trials have been completed. Preclinical data suggest that SFN protects the nervous system through multiple mechanisms and may help reduce the risk of many diseases and reduce the burden of symptoms in existing conditions. This review focuses on the literature regarding the protective effects of SFN on the nervous system. A discussion of neuroprotective mechanisms is followed by a discussion of the protective effects elicited by SFN administration in a multitude of neurological diseases and toxin exposures. SFN is a promising neuroprotective phytochemical which needs further human trials to evaluate its efficacy in preventing and decreasing the burden of many neurological diseases.
萝卜硫素（SFN）是一种存在于十字花科蔬菜中的植物化学物质。它已被证明对多种疾病具有多种保护作用，包括多种类型的癌症。SFN是核因子红细胞2相关因子2（Nrf2）抗氧化反应元件（ARE）基因途径的有效激活剂。Nrf2-ARE的上调增加了多种抗氧化剂的可用性。已经进行了大量关于SFN保护神经系统免受多种疾病和毒素侵害能力的临床前研究，但仅完成了少数小型人体试验。临床前数据表明，SFN通过多种机制保护神经系统，并可能有助于降低多种疾病的风险，减轻现有疾病的症状负担。本综述重点关注有关SFN对神经系统保护作用的文献。在讨论神经保护机制之后，将讨论SFN给药在多种神经疾病和毒素暴露中所引发的保护作用。SFN是一种有前景的神经保护植物化学物质，需要进一步的人体试验来评估其在预防和减轻多种神经疾病负担方面的疗效。
