Dmytriv Tetiana R, Duve Khrystyna V, Storey Kenneth B, Lushchak Volodymyr I
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine.
Research and Development University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine.
Front Physiol. 2024 Aug 5;15:1443604. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1443604. eCollection 2024.
Chronic vascular encephalopathy (CVE) is a frequent cause of vascular mild cognitive impairment and dementia, which significantly worsens the quality of life, especially in the elderly population. CVE is a result of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, characterized by prolonged limited blood flow to the brain. This causes insufficient oxygenation of the brain leading to hypoxia. The latter can trigger a series of events associated with the development of oxidative/reductive stresses and neuroinflammation. Addressing the gap in knowledge regarding oxidative and reductive stresses in the development of vascular disorders and neuroinflammation can give a start to new directions of research in the context of CVE. In this review, we consider the hypoxia-induced molecular challenges involved in the pathophysiology of CVE, focusing on oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which are combined in a vicious cycle of neurodegeneration. We also briefly describe therapeutic approaches to the treatment of CVE and outline the prospects for the use of sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate common in cruciferous plants, and vitamin D to break the vicious cycle and alleviate the cognitive impairments characteristic of patients with CVE.
慢性血管性脑病（CVE）是血管性轻度认知障碍和痴呆的常见病因，会显著降低生活质量，在老年人群中尤为如此。CVE是慢性脑灌注不足的结果，其特征是大脑血流长期受限。这会导致大脑氧合不足，进而引发缺氧。后者可引发一系列与氧化/还原应激及神经炎症发展相关的事件。填补血管疾病发展过程中氧化和还原应激以及神经炎症方面的知识空白，可为CVE背景下的新研究方向提供开端。在本综述中，我们探讨了CVE病理生理学中涉及的缺氧诱导分子挑战，重点关注氧化应激和神经炎症，它们在神经退行性变的恶性循环中相互交织。我们还简要描述了CVE的治疗方法，并概述了使用十字花科植物中常见的异硫氰酸酯萝卜硫素和维生素D来打破恶性循环并减轻CVE患者认知障碍的前景。
