Preventive infusion of donor-derived CAR-T cells after haploidentical transplantation: Two cases report.

RATIONALE

Relapse is the main cause of death after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Unfortunately, there are no efficient methods to prevent relapse after allo-HSCT. Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells have achieved favorable outcomes in the treatment of refractory/relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) because of their strong anti-leukemia activity. However, it is unclear whether the CAR-T cells constructed using viral systems can be used as preventive infusions to prevent relapse after haploidentical HSCT.

PATIENT CONCERNS

Two patients with ALL with high risk received haploidentical HSCT.

DIAGNOSES

Two patients were diagnosed with ALL with high risk.

INTERVENTIONS

Patients received preventive infusion of donor-derived CAR-T cells constructed using viral systems on day 60 after haploidentical HSCT.

OUTCOMES

The CAR-T cells were continually detected, and no graft versus host disease developed. The two patients survived with disease-free for 1 year and 6 months, respectively.

LESSONS

Preventive infusion of donor-derived CAR-T cells after haploidentical HSCT may be safe and that immunosuppressors may not affect the proliferation of CAR-T cells.