Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, 236 Audubon Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
Conscious Cogn. 2019 Sep;74:102782. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2019.102782. Epub 2019 Jul 20.
To improve maintenance of task-relevant information in visual working memory (VWM), previously encoded, but no longer relevant, information can be suppressed or forgotten. However, it is unclear whether a cue directing attention to a subset of stimuli leads to complete forgetting for non-cued stimuli. The current study utilized a novel method of testing to-be forgotten information to determine if the effectiveness of forgetting differs depending on the type of encoded stimuli. Participants performed a directed forgetting change detection task, and importantly, the changed stimulus could be a novel stimulus or a to-be-forgotten stimulus. Stimulus type (colors, objects, or shapes) was manipulated across two experiments. Results suggest that a cue benefits memory for to-be-remembered information, but performance is not equivalent to never encoding to-be-forgotten information. Furthermore, the type of encoded information impacts the extent of forgetting.
为了提高视觉工作记忆（VWM）中与任务相关信息的维持能力，先前编码但不再相关的信息可以被抑制或遗忘。然而，目前尚不清楚是否有线索引导注意力集中在刺激的子集上，会导致非线索刺激完全被遗忘。本研究采用了一种新颖的测试方法来检验待遗忘信息，以确定遗忘的效果是否取决于编码刺激的类型。参与者执行了定向遗忘变化检测任务，重要的是，变化的刺激可以是新的刺激，也可以是待遗忘的刺激。在两个实验中，刺激类型（颜色、物体或形状）被操纵。结果表明，线索有利于对要记住的信息的记忆，但表现并不等同于从未编码要遗忘的信息。此外，编码信息的类型会影响遗忘的程度。
