Department of Preclinical Research, BioInvent International AB, Lund, Sweden; Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
Mol Immunol. 2019 Oct;114:49-61. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.07.018. Epub 2019 Jul 20.
Pathogens that invade the human host are confronted by a multitude of defence mechanisms aimed at preventing colonization, dissemination and proliferation. The most frequent outcome of this interaction is microbial elimination, in which the complement system plays a major role. Complement, an essential feature of the innate immune machinery, rapidly identifies and marks pathogens for efficient removal. Consequently, this creates a selective pressure for microbes to evolve strategies to combat complement, permitting host colonization and access to resources. All successful pathogens have developed mechanisms to resist complement activity which are intimately aligned with their capacity to cause disease. In this review, we describe the successful methods various pathogens use to evade complement activation, shut down inflammatory signalling through complement, circumvent opsonisation and override terminal pathway lysis. This review summarizes how pathogens undermine innate immunity: 'The Hijackers Guide to Complement'.
入侵人体宿主的病原体面临着多种旨在防止定植、传播和增殖的防御机制。这种相互作用的最常见结果是微生物的消除，补体系统在此过程中起着重要作用。补体是先天免疫机制的一个重要特征，它能迅速识别和标记病原体，以进行有效的清除。因此，这为微生物进化出对抗补体的策略创造了选择性压力，从而允许宿主定植并获得资源。所有成功的病原体都已经开发出抵抗补体活性的机制，这些机制与它们引起疾病的能力密切相关。在这篇综述中，我们描述了各种病原体用来逃避补体激活、通过补体抑制炎症信号转导、规避调理作用以及克服终末途径裂解的成功方法。这篇综述总结了病原体如何破坏先天免疫：“补体劫持指南”。
