Kshatriya Gautam K, Acharya Subhendu K
Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
National Institute of Epidemiology Social and Behavioural Sciences, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600077, India.
Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2019 Mar-Apr;13(2):1105-1115. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.01.028. Epub 2019 Jan 22.
With the increased worldwide prevalence of hypertension among the underprivileged populations, fewerstudies have reported such risks among Indian tribes. In the context of high prevalence of undernutrition, no such study has examined hypertension among lean and underweight Indian tribal individuals separately.
We selected total samples of 1066 adult males and 1090 adult females in 20-60 years age-group cross-sectionally to examine the status of hypertension and its risks among nine major tribes in three Indian states; separate analyses for lean and underweight tribal individuals were done.
Increased prevalence of hypertension (females, 14.2%; males, 9.3%) was observed among the tribes with the overall percentage of individuals at adversity (hypertensive + isolated hypertensive) at more than 20% (males 20.1%; females 26.5%). Age-group-wise prevalence showed a sharp rise in the prevalence of hypertension in the 40 + year individuals; additionally, this rise was alarming among females. Undernutrition was observed to be a potential risk factor as a remarkable prevalence of hypertension was observed among the undernourished (approximately 9%) and lean tribal participants (12%). Underweight females were observed to be at higher risk. Tribal statuses were observed to be alarming than the national trends due to their very low average BMI along with high average SBP. A curvilinear prevalence of hypertension was observed while comparing through both the nutritional extremes.
The increased prevalence and risks of hypertension in the background of lean and underweight status of Indian tribes indicates their epidemiological transition burdened with alarming cardio-metabolic health risks that warrant an early and consistent surveillance.
随着全球贫困人群中高血压患病率的上升，针对印度部落人群此类风险的研究报告较少。在营养不良高发的背景下，尚无此类研究分别考察过身材消瘦和体重不足的印度部落个体中的高血压情况。
我们横断面选取了年龄在20至60岁之间的1066名成年男性和1090名成年女性作为总样本，以考察印度三个邦九个主要部落中高血压状况及其风险；对身材消瘦和体重不足的部落个体进行了单独分析。
在处于逆境（高血压患者 + 单纯高血压患者）的个体总体比例超过20%（男性20.1%；女性26.5%）的部落中，观察到高血压患病率上升（女性为14.2%；男性为9.3%）。按年龄组划分的患病率显示，40岁及以上个体的高血压患病率急剧上升；此外，这种上升在女性中更为惊人。观察到营养不良是一个潜在风险因素，因为在营养不良（约9%）和身材消瘦的部落参与者（12%）中观察到高血压患病率显著。观察到体重不足的女性风险更高。由于部落人群平均体重指数极低且平均收缩压较高，其高血压状况比全国趋势更令人担忧。在比较两种营养极端情况时，观察到高血压患病率呈曲线变化。
在印度部落人群身材消瘦和体重不足的背景下，高血压患病率和风险增加，表明他们的流行病学转变负担着令人担忧的心脏代谢健康风险，需要进行早期和持续监测。
