Giuffrè Angelo Maria
Università degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, AGRARIA-Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Risorse forestali, Ambiente Risorse zootecniche, Ingegneria agraria, Alimenti-Contrada Melissari, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2019 Jul 12;8(7):221. doi: 10.3390/antiox8070221.
Reggio Calabria province (South Italy) is known for being almost the only area of cultivation of the bergamot fruit, grown principally for its essential oil, but today much studied for the health benefits of its juice. The biometrics and physico-chemical properties of the three ( Risso) existing genotypes namely Castagnaro, Fantastico and Femminello were studied during fruit ripening from October to March. Castagnaro cultivar had the biggest and heaviest fruit during this harvest period. °Brix (7.9-10.0), pH (2.2-2.8) and formol number (1.47-2.37 mL NaOH 0.1 N/100 mL) were shown to be influenced by both the genotype and harvest date. Titratable acidity (34.98-59.50 g/L) and vitamin C (ascorbic acid) (341-867 g/L) decreased during fruit ripening. The evolution of flavonoids such as neoeriocitrin, naringin, neohesperidin, brutieridin and melitidin was studied both in bergamot juice and in the bergamot cloudy juice which is the aqueous extract of bergamot during fruit processing. Bergamot cloudy juice contained a higher quantity of flavonoids compared to the juice. This study gives important information regarding the cultivar and the harvest date for producers who want to obtain the highest juice quantity or the highest juice quality from the bergamot fruit.
雷焦卡拉布里亚省（意大利南部）几乎是佛手柑唯一的种植区，种植佛手柑主要是为了获取其精油，但如今人们对其果汁的健康益处进行了大量研究。在10月至3月果实成熟期间，对现有的三个（里索）基因型，即卡斯塔尼亚罗、梦幻和费米内洛的生物特征和理化性质进行了研究。在这个收获期，卡斯塔尼亚罗品种的果实最大、最重。研究表明，°Brix（7.9 - 10.0）、pH值（2.2 - 2.8）和甲醛值（1.47 - 2.37 mL 0.1 N NaOH/100 mL）受基因型和收获日期的影响。果实成熟期间，可滴定酸度（34.98 - 59.50 g/L）和维生素C（抗坏血酸）（341 - 867 g/L）下降。研究了佛手柑汁和佛手柑浊汁（即果实加工过程中佛手柑的水提取物）中诸如新橙皮苷、柚皮苷、新橙皮苷、布鲁替苷和蜜橘苷等类黄酮的变化。与果汁相比，佛手柑浊汁含有更高含量的类黄酮。这项研究为那些希望从佛手柑果实中获得最高果汁产量或最高果汁品质的生产商提供了有关品种和收获日期的重要信息。
