Department of Developmental Psychology, Leiden University, 2311 EZ Leiden, The Netherlands; email:
Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.
Annu Rev Psychol. 2020 Jan 4;71:447-469. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-050937. Epub 2019 Jul 23.
Research has demonstrated that adolescence is an important time for self- and other-oriented development that underlies many skills vital for becoming a contributing member of society with healthy intergroup relations. It is often assumed that these two processes, thinking about self and thinking about others, are pitted against each other when adolescents engage in social decision making such as giving or sharing. Recent evidence from social neuroscience, however, does not support this notion of conflicting motives, suggesting instead that thinking about self and others relies on a common network of social-affective brain regions, with the medial prefrontal cortex playing a central role in the integration of perspectives related to self and others. Here, we argue that self- and other-oriented thinking are intertwined processes that rely on an overlapping neural network. Adolescents' motivation to contribute to society can be fostered most when self- and other-oriented motives align.
研究表明，青春期是自我和他人导向发展的重要时期，这为成为一个有贡献的社会成员、建立健康的群体关系奠定了许多重要技能。人们通常认为，当青少年进行社会决策（如给予或分享）时，思考自我和思考他人这两个过程是相互对立的。然而，来自社会神经科学的最新证据并不支持这种动机冲突的观点，而是表明思考自我和他人依赖于一个共同的社会情感大脑区域网络，其中内侧前额叶皮层在整合与自我和他人相关的观点方面起着核心作用。在这里，我们认为自我和他人导向的思维是相互交织的过程，依赖于重叠的神经网络。当自我和他人导向的动机一致时，最能促进青少年为社会做贡献的动机。
