Kaihua Jiang, Yang Yi, Fangqiao Zhao, Huijuan Shen, Chaoqun Wang, Xuan Dong
Children's Health Research Center, Changzhou Children's Hospital, 213003, China.
Respiratory Department, Changzhou Children's Hospital, 213003, China.
Brain Dev. 2019 Sep;41(8):662-670. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2019.04.008. Epub 2019 Jul 20.
To explore impaired cognition characteristics and abnormal behavior in children with Sleep-Disordered Breathing (SDB) via Event-Related Potentials (ERPs), continuous performance testing (CPT), and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).
A total of 108 children aged 6-8 years old were recruited, including fifty-four children (28 boys) with SDB and fifty-four normal children (28 boys). CBCL and Chinese version of the OSA-18 questionnaire were administered. Nineteen children with SDB (OSA-18 questionnaire value >60) and Nineteen normal children completed a CPT task. ERP was extracted using the BESA software.
No significant differences in the correct number, reaction time, or the number of commission error were noted between the CPT of the two groups (P > 0.05). The ERP Go-P3 amplitudes at F3, Fz and F4 of the SDB group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The NoGo-N2 amplitudes at F3 and Fz of the SDB group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The Fz and F4 Go-P3 and FZ NoGo-P3 latency of the SDB group were significantly longer than those of the control group (P < 0.05). However, among boys, the CBCL scores of the SDB group including the subscores, schizo, somatic complaints, compulsion, aggression, and hyperactivity, as well as the total score, were significantly higher than the control group (all P < 0.05).
Children with SDB demonstrate significant functional deficits in regard to conflict monitoring, attention, and inhibition. The frontal region is the primary area of dysfunction, especially in the left brain region, and inhibition function dysfunction may be a common pathogenesis of SDB and ADHD. Moreover, boys with SDB may exhibit more behavior problems when compared to girls.
通过事件相关电位（ERP）、连续性能测试（CPT）和儿童行为量表（CBCL），探讨睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）儿童的认知障碍特征和异常行为。
共招募108名6-8岁儿童，其中54名患有SDB的儿童（28名男孩）和54名正常儿童（28名男孩）。进行了CBCL和中文版OSA-18问卷评估。19名患有SDB的儿童（OSA-18问卷值>60）和19名正常儿童完成了CPT任务。使用BESA软件提取ERP。
两组CPT的正确数、反应时间或错误数均无显著差异（P>0.05）。SDB组F3、Fz和F4处的ERP Go-P3波幅显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。SDB组F3和Fz处的NoGo-N2波幅显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。SDB组Fz和F4处的Go-P3以及FZ处的NoGo-P3潜伏期显著长于对照组（P<0.05）。然而，在男孩中，SDB组的CBCL分数，包括子分数、精神分裂症、躯体主诉、强迫、攻击和多动，以及总分，均显著高于对照组（所有P<0.05）。
SDB儿童在冲突监测、注意力和抑制方面存在显著的功能缺陷。额叶区域是功能障碍的主要区域，尤其是在左脑区域，抑制功能障碍可能是SDB和注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的共同发病机制。此外，与女孩相比，患有SDB的男孩可能表现出更多的行为问题。
