Wu Yunxiao, Wang Yan, Wang Changming, Zhao Fujun, Ma Dandi, Xu Zhifei, Ni Xin
Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Center on Aging Psychology, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Nat Sci Sleep. 2023 Sep 20;15:719-727. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S413330. eCollection 2023.
To explore the characteristics of the attentional network and related factors in children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).
A total 228 children (200 children aged 6-10 years with snoring or mouth breathing, admitted to our hospital from May 2020 to July 2022, and 28 healthy children recruited from the community as the control group) were enrolled. All participants underwent polysomnography (PSG) and completed the ADHD rating scale and child version of the Attention Network Test. According to their SDB history and obstructive apnea hypopnea index (OAHI), the participants were divided into control (n = 28), primary snoring (PS; n = 67) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA; n = 133) groups.
The OSA and PS groups were younger than controls ( < 0.05). The proportion of boys was higher in the OSA than control group ( < 0.05). Body mass index was higher in the OSA than control and PS groups ( < 0.01). Attention deficit and hyperactive impulsivity scores were independently associated with the OAHI ( < 0.001). The efficiency of the alerting network was higher in the OSA than in controls ( = 0.020), but was not correlated with OAHI after adjusting for age, sex and SDB history duration ( > 0.05).
Children with OSA have impaired attention, characterized by excessive alerting network activation. However, alerting network efficiency did not change linearly with disease severity. More research is needed to elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying attention deficits in pediatric OSA.
探讨睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）儿童的注意力网络特征及相关因素。
共纳入228名儿童（200名年龄在6至10岁、有打鼾或口呼吸症状的儿童，于2020年5月至2022年7月入住我院，以及28名从社区招募的健康儿童作为对照组）。所有参与者均接受多导睡眠图（PSG）检查，并完成注意力缺陷多动障碍评定量表和儿童版注意力网络测试。根据他们的SDB病史和阻塞性呼吸暂停低通气指数（OAHI），将参与者分为对照组（n = 28）、原发性打鼾组（PS；n = 67）和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停组（OSA；n = 133）。
OSA组和PS组比对照组年龄小（<0.05）。OSA组男孩的比例高于对照组（<0.05）。OSA组的体重指数高于对照组和PS组（<0.01）。注意力缺陷和多动冲动得分与OAHI独立相关（<0.001）。OSA组的警觉网络效率高于对照组（=0.020），但在调整年龄、性别和SDB病史持续时间后与OAHI无相关性（>0.05）。
OSA儿童存在注意力受损，表现为警觉网络过度激活。然而，警觉网络效率并未随疾病严重程度呈线性变化。需要更多研究来阐明小儿OSA注意力缺陷的神经机制。
