Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1143:1-39. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-7342-8_1.
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemic stem cells (LSCs) utilize many of the same signaling pathways for their maintenance and survival. In this review, we will focus on several signaling pathways whose roles have been extensively studied in both HSCs and LSCs. Our main focus will be on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and several of its regulators and downstream effectors. We will also discuss several other signaling pathways of particular importance in LSCs, including the WNT/β-catenin pathway, the NOTCH pathway, and the TGFβ pathway. For each of these pathways, we will emphasize differences in how these pathways operate in LSCs, compared to their function in HSCs, to highlight opportunities for the specific therapeutic targeting of LSCs. We will also highlight areas of crosstalk between multiple signaling pathways that may affect LSC function.
造血干细胞 (HSCs) 和白血病干细胞 (LSCs) 利用许多相同的信号通路来维持和存活。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍几种在 HSCs 和 LSCs 中都得到广泛研究的信号通路。我们的主要关注点将是 PI3K/AKT/mTOR 通路及其几个调节剂和下游效应物。我们还将讨论 LSCs 中特别重要的其他几种信号通路，包括 WNT/β-catenin 通路、NOTCH 通路和 TGFβ 通路。对于这些通路中的每一种，我们将强调与 HSCs 相比，这些通路在 LSCs 中的作用有何不同，以突出针对 LSCs 的特定治疗靶向的机会。我们还将强调可能影响 LSC 功能的多个信号通路之间的交叉对话领域。
