CINTESIS, UA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
William James Center for Research, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
PLoS One. 2019 Jul 24;14(7):e0219615. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219615. eCollection 2019.
A long-standing goal shared by researchers has been to design optimal experimental procedures, including the selection of appropriate stimuli. Pictures are commonly used in different research fields. However, until recently, researchers have relied mostly on line-drawings, which can have poor ecological validity. We developed a set of high quality standardized photographs of objects from six different categories, recorded under two camera viewpoints, and five presentation conditions (on its own, held by clean hands, and by hands covered with different substances: sauce, chocolate and mud). These various staging conditions can be used to induce different emotional states while maintaining the object of interest constant. We first report normative data on the objects' name agreement and familiarity collected from North American and Portuguese participants. Results showed high name agreement and familiarity in both samples. Next, arousal, disgust and valence ratings were collected for the stimuli under either an emotional-activating or a neutral context. Subjective ratings varied according to the staging condition and the context, confirming that the same items can effectively be used in different emotional conditions. This database allows researchers to select more ecologically-valid stimuli according to their research purposes while considering several variables of interest and avoiding item-selection problems commonly present when comparing responses to neutral and emotional items.
长期以来，研究人员的共同目标是设计最佳的实验程序，包括选择合适的刺激。图片在不同的研究领域中被广泛使用。然而，直到最近，研究人员主要依赖于线条图，这些线条图的生态有效性较差。我们开发了一组来自六个不同类别的高质量标准化物体照片，这些照片是在两个相机视角下，以及五种呈现条件（单独、由干净的手拿着、由涂有不同物质的手拿着：酱汁、巧克力和泥土）下记录的。这些不同的呈现条件可以在保持感兴趣的物体不变的情况下，引起不同的情绪状态。我们首先报告了来自北美和葡萄牙参与者的关于物体名称一致性和熟悉度的规范数据。结果表明，在两个样本中，名称一致性和熟悉度都很高。接下来，我们在情绪激活或中性背景下，对刺激物进行了唤醒度、厌恶度和效价的评分。主观评分根据呈现条件和背景而变化，这证实了相同的物品可以在不同的情绪条件下有效地使用。这个数据库允许研究人员根据自己的研究目的，选择更具生态有效性的刺激物，同时考虑到几个感兴趣的变量，并避免在比较对中性和情绪项目的反应时常见的项目选择问题。
