Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001 Košice, Slovakia.
Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 08001 Prešov, Slovakia.
Molecules. 2019 Jan 24;24(3):425. doi: 10.3390/molecules24030425.
Spreading of the plant species in new areas is supported by the hypothesis in which chemicals produced by alien species are allopathic to native plants. A novel weapon hypothesis was tested by using essential oil of dangerous alien species in laboratory conditions. Aboveground plant material was collected in south-east part of Slovakia, dried and hydrodistilled for essential oil isolation. Dominant compounds as octyl acetate (62.6%), hexyl 2-metylbutyrate (10.7%), hexyl isobutyrate (7.5%) and hexyl butyrate (6.5%) were identified by GC-MS. Potential phytotoxic activity was tested on three dicot plant species garden cress ( L.), radish ( L.) and lettuce ( L.) and on one monocot plant species wheat L. Germination of the seeds of model plant species after influencing by different doses of essential oil of as well as the roots length was evaluated. L. and L. were generally not sensitive to applied doses of essential oil although a little stimulation effect at some concentrations prevailed over inhibition effect. Similarly, in monocot species L., stimulation was visible in both root length and root number at two or one highest doses, respectively.
外来物种产生的化学物质对本地植物具有抗生性，这一假说支持植物物种在新地区的扩散。本研究通过在实验室条件下使用危险外来物种的精油来检验新的武器假说。在斯洛伐克东南部采集地上植物材料，干燥后用水蒸气蒸馏法提取精油。采用 GC-MS 鉴定出主要化合物为乙酸辛酯（62.6%）、2-甲基丁酸己酯（10.7%）、异丁酸己酯（7.5%）和丁酸己酯（6.5%）。对三种双子叶植物（荠、萝卜和生菜）和一种单子叶植物（小麦）进行了潜在的植物毒性活性测试，评价了受不同剂量精油影响后的模式植物种子的发芽率和根长。尽管在某些浓度下存在抑制作用，但精油对 、 和 的种子发芽率一般不敏感。同样，在单子叶植物 中，在两个或一个最高剂量下，根长和根数均可见到刺激作用。
