2018 年南非约翰内斯堡非正规垃圾拾荒者常见精神健康障碍：一项横断面研究。
Common Mental Health Disorders among Informal Waste Pickers in Johannesburg, South Africa 2018-A Cross-Sectional Study.
机构信息
School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
South African Field Epidemiology Training Program, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg 2192, South Africa.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jul 23;16(14):2618. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16142618.
Waste-picking is an income-generating opportunity for individuals living in poverty. Waste picking is associated with a range of risk factors for common mental disorders (CMD). This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with CMD among waste pickers in Johannesburg. A cross-sectional study analyzed secondary data for 365 waste pickers. A validated Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to assess CMD. Multivariable logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with CMD. The overall prevalence of CMD among waste pickers was 37.3%. The odds of having CMD were 2.5 and 3.2 higher in females and cigarette smokers, respectively ( = 0.019 and = 0.003). Life enjoyment (Adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.54, = 0.02) and a good quality of life (aOR 0.34, ≤ 0.001) were associated with lower odds of CMD. The high prevalence of CMD among waste pickers was significantly associated with cigarette smoking, being female, not enjoying life, and a poor quality of life. Mental health awareness of CMD will assist with the prevention, early detection, and comprehensive management of CMD among waste pickers.
拾荒是贫困人群的一种增收机会。拾荒与一系列常见精神障碍（CMD）的风险因素有关。本研究旨在确定约翰内斯堡拾荒者中 CMD 的患病率和相关因素。一项横断面研究分析了 365 名拾荒者的二级数据。使用经过验证的自我报告问卷（SRQ-20）评估 CMD。多变量逻辑回归用于确定与 CMD 相关的因素。拾荒者中 CMD 的总体患病率为 37.3%。女性和吸烟者患 CMD 的几率分别高出 2.5 和 3.2 倍（ = 0.019 和 = 0.003）。生活享受（调整后的优势比 [aOR] 0.54， = 0.02）和良好的生活质量（aOR 0.34， ≤ 0.001）与较低的 CMD 几率相关。CMD 在拾荒者中的高患病率与吸烟、女性、不享受生活和生活质量差显著相关。CMD 的心理健康意识将有助于预防、早期发现和全面管理拾荒者中的 CMD。
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