Department of Nursing, College of health and medical sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychiatry, College of health and medical sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
BMC Psychol. 2019 Feb 22;7(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s40359-019-0281-4.
In developed countries, there are well documented mental health impacts of HIV/AIDS and patients' quality of life. Acquiring HIV/AIDS can be a serious psychological trauma and can predispose a person to different mental disorders. Co-occurring mental illness complicates diagnosis, help-seeking, quality of care provided, treatment outcomes and adherence. However, in Ethiopia, studies about mental health problems in HIV/AIDS treatment settings are limited. The purpose of the current study is to determine the prevalence and associated factors of common mental disorders among adult HIV/AIDS patients undergoing HIV service in Harar town, eastern Ethiopia. Conducting this study is important as baseline information for the concerned stakeholders including health professionals and policymakers and in general to improve the quality of care for HIV/AID patients.
Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted. We collected data from 420 adult patients through a face to face interviewing technique using a standardized questionnaire and review of medical records. Bivariable and multivariable (binary logistic regression) analyses were used to check the association between common mental disorders (CMDs) and independent variables. Variables which have a p-value < 0.05 during bivariable regression were entered into multivariable (binary logistic regression) and finally which have a p-value of < 0.05 under multivariable (binary logistic regression) were identified as statistically significant association at 95% of confidence interval.
All 420 patients were interviewed providing response rate 100%. The result revealed that (28.1%; 95% CI; 26.14, 30.06) of HIV/AIDS patients had CMD. In the final model, stage 4 HIV/AIDS (Adjusted Odds Ratio 3.37, 95% CI: 1.45, 7.83), family history of mental illness (AOR 2.65, 95% CI: 1.26, 5.54) and current drinking alcohol (AOR 5.1, 95% CI: 2.04, 12.79) were found having statistically significant association with CMD.
This study investigated the prevalence and associated factors of CMD among adults living with HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS stage, having family history of mental illness and current drinking alcohol were the main identified associated factors of CMD. These factors are important for the hospitals and other concerned bodies for providing prevention and appropriate intervention of common mental disorders among HIV/AIDS patients.
在发达国家，艾滋病毒/艾滋病对心理健康的影响以及患者的生活质量都有详细的记录。感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病可能是严重的心理创伤，使患者易患不同的精神障碍。同时患有精神疾病会使诊断、寻求帮助、提供的护理质量、治疗结果和治疗依从性变得复杂。然而，在埃塞俄比亚，关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病治疗环境中心理健康问题的研究有限。本研究的目的是确定在哈勒尔镇接受艾滋病毒服务的成年艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者中常见精神障碍的患病率及其相关因素。进行这项研究对于相关利益相关者（包括卫生专业人员和政策制定者）以及总体上提高艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的护理质量具有重要的基线信息。
采用基于机构的横断面研究。我们通过面对面访谈技术，使用标准化问卷和病历回顾，从 420 名成年患者中收集数据。采用单变量和多变量（二元逻辑回归）分析来检查常见精神障碍（CMD）与自变量之间的关联。单变量回归中 p 值<0.05 的变量被纳入多变量（二元逻辑回归），最终多变量（二元逻辑回归）中 p 值<0.05 的变量被确定为在 95%置信区间具有统计学意义的关联。
所有 420 名患者均接受了访谈，应答率为 100%。结果显示，28.1%（95%CI：26.14，30.06）的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者存在 CMD。在最终模型中，艾滋病毒/艾滋病 4 期（调整后的优势比 3.37，95%CI：1.45，7.83）、精神疾病家族史（AOR 2.65，95%CI：1.26，5.54）和当前饮酒（AOR 5.1，95%CI：2.04，12.79）与 CMD 有统计学显著关联。
本研究调查了成年艾滋病毒感染者/艾滋病患者中 CMD 的患病率和相关因素。艾滋病毒/艾滋病分期、有精神疾病家族史和当前饮酒是 CMD 的主要相关因素。这些因素对医院和其他相关机构在艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者中预防和适当干预常见精神障碍具有重要意义。
