Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
Department of Infectious Diseases, Liver Diseases and Acquired Immune Deficiencies, Faculty of Postgraduate Medical Training, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
Pol Arch Intern Med. 2019 Aug 29;129(7-8):490-498. doi: 10.20452/pamw.14905. Epub 2019 Jul 24.
The use of antiretroviral therapy in HIV‑infected patients can lead to disturbances in kidney function. Renal dysfunction can also be caused by the direct effects of HIV on the kidneys. The assessment of renal function is needed to monitor these patients for the development of chronic kidney disease.
The aim of this study was to identify urinary biochemical parameters for the assessment of kidney dysfunction in HIV‑infected patients.
The study included 86 patients with HIV and 34 healthy controls. Spectrophotometry was used to measure the activity of the following enzymes: N‑acetyl-β‑D‑glucosaminidase (NAG), NAG isoenzyme B (NAG‑B), galactosidase, β‑glucuronidase, alanyl aminopeptidase, and γ‑glutamyltransferase. An enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess the urinary concentrations of low‑molecular‑weight proteins: kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, α‑glutathione S‑transferase, π‑glutathione S‑transferase, neopterin, β2‑microglobulin (β2M), and retinol‑binding protein (RBP).
The urinary levels of all parameters except alanyl aminopeptidase were significantly higher in HIV‑infected patients than in the control group. The statistical analysis revealed the following 4 parameters to have the best diagnostic value in: β2M, NAG, KIM-1, and RBP.
Our results indicate that among selected enzymes and low-molecular proteins, β2M, NAG, KIM-1, and RBP are the best in assessing renal dysfunction in patients with HIV.
在感染 HIV 的患者中使用抗逆转录病毒疗法可能导致肾功能紊乱。肾功能障碍也可能由 HIV 对肾脏的直接作用引起。需要评估肾功能以监测这些患者慢性肾脏病的发生。
本研究旨在确定用于评估 HIV 感染患者肾功能障碍的尿生化参数。
该研究纳入了 86 例 HIV 患者和 34 名健康对照者。使用分光光度法测量以下酶的活性：N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）、NAG 同工酶 B（NAG-B）、半乳糖苷酶、β-葡糖苷酸酶、丙氨酰氨基肽酶和γ-谷氨酰转移酶。酶联免疫吸附试验用于评估低分子量蛋白的尿浓度：肾损伤分子 1（KIM-1）、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白、α-谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶、π-谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶、新蝶呤、β2-微球蛋白（β2M）和视黄醇结合蛋白（RBP）。
除丙氨酰氨基肽酶外，所有参数的尿水平在 HIV 感染患者中均明显高于对照组。统计分析显示，β2M、NAG、KIM-1 和 RBP 这 4 个参数在诊断方面具有最佳价值。
我们的结果表明，在所选择的酶和低分子量蛋白中，β2M、NAG、KIM-1 和 RBP 是评估 HIV 患者肾功能障碍的最佳指标。
