Faculty of Psychology.
Combined Program in Education and Psychology.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2020 Apr;46(4):638-648. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000745. Epub 2019 Jul 25.
Mind-wandering (i.e., thoughts irrelevant to the current task) occurs frequently during reading. The current study examined whether mind-wandering was associated with reduced rereading when the reader read the so-called garden-path jokes. In a garden-path joke, the reader's initial interpretation is violated by the final punchline, and the violation creates a semantic incongruity that needs to be resolved (e.g., "My girlfriend has read so many negative things about smoking. Therefore, she decided to quit reading."). Rereading text prior to the punchline can help resolve the incongruity. In a main study and a preregistered replication, participants read jokes and nonfunny controls embedded in filler texts and responded to thought probes that assessed intentional and unintentional mind-wandering. Results were consistent across the two studies: When the reader was not mind-wandering, jokes elicited more rereading (from the punchline) than the nonfunny controls did, and had a recall advantage over the nonfunny controls. During mind-wandering, however, the additional eye movement processing and the recall advantage of jokes were generally reduced. These results show that mind-wandering is associated with reduced rereading, which is important for resolving higher level comprehension difficulties. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
走神（即与当前任务无关的思绪）在阅读过程中经常发生。本研究考察了在阅读所谓的花园路径笑话时，走神是否与减少重读有关。在花园路径笑话中，读者最初的解读被最后一个妙语所违背，这种违背产生了需要解决的语义不和谐（例如，“我的女朋友读过很多关于吸烟的负面文章。因此，她决定戒烟。”）。在妙语之前重读文本可以帮助解决这种不和谐。在一项主要研究和一项预先注册的复制研究中，参与者阅读了笑话和非幽默控制文本，并对思想探测进行了回应，这些探测评估了有意和无意的走神。这两个研究的结果是一致的：当读者没有走神时，笑话比非幽默控制文本引发了更多的重读（从妙语开始），并且在回忆方面也优于非幽默控制文本。然而，在走神期间，笑话的额外眼动处理和回忆优势通常会降低。这些结果表明，走神与减少重读有关，而重读对于解决更高层次的理解困难很重要。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
