Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
J Strength Cond Res. 2019 Sep;33(9):2299-2307. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003266.
Mason, J, Frazer, AK, Jaberzadeh, S, Ahtiainen, JP, Avela, J, Rantalainen, T, Leung, M, and Kidgell, DJ. Determining the corticospinal responses to single bouts of skill and strength training. J Strength Cond Res 33(9): 2299-2307, 2019-Neuroplastic changes in the primary motor cortex accompany performance improvements following motor practice. Recent evidence suggests that the corticospinal responses to strength and skill training are similar, following both a single session and repeated bouts of training, promoting discussion that strength training is a form of motor learning. However, these findings are limited by the lack of a light-load strength training group. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to determine whether a single session of heavy-load strength training, light-load strength training or skill training differentially modulates the corticospinal pathway. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to assess the excitatory and inhibitory circuitry of the motor cortex following a single session of skill training, and following a single session of light-load and heavy-load strength training. Following a single session of training, participants in all groups experienced comparable increases in corticospinal excitability (ranging from 38 to 46%, all p < 0.05); however, disparity was observed in the inhibitory responses. Corticospinal inhibition was reduced in all 3 single-sessions, although to a greater magnitude in the heavy-load and skill-training sessions (22 and 18% respectively, compared with 11% following light-load training, all p < 0.05). Short-interval intracortical inhibition was reduced immediately following single sessions of heavy-load strength training (40% p < 0.05) and skill training (47% p < 0.05), but remained unchanged the following light-load strength training session. It appears that the corticospinal responses to single sessions of different types of strength and skill training are task-dependent. These findings reinforce the notion that strength training, at least when heavily-loaded, can be considered a form of motor learning, potentially because of the sensory feedback involved.
梅森，J，弗雷泽，AK，贾贝扎德，S，阿赫蒂亚宁，JP，阿韦拉，J，兰塔莱宁，T，梁，M 和基德尔，DJ。确定单次技能和力量训练对皮质脊髓反应。J 力量与条件研究 33(9)：2299-2307，2019-运动实践后，初级运动皮层的神经可塑性变化伴随着运动表现的提高。最近的证据表明，在单次训练和多次训练后，力量和技能训练对皮质脊髓的反应相似，这促使人们讨论力量训练是一种运动学习形式。然而，这些发现受到缺乏轻负荷力量训练组的限制。因此，本研究的目的是确定单次大负荷力量训练、轻负荷力量训练或技能训练是否会对皮质脊髓通路产生不同的调节作用。经颅磁刺激用于评估单次技能训练后和单次轻负荷和大负荷力量训练后运动皮层的兴奋性和抑制性回路。在单次训练后，所有组别的参与者的皮质脊髓兴奋性都经历了类似的增加（范围为 38%至 46%，均 p < 0.05）；然而，在抑制反应中观察到差异。所有 3 种单次训练均降低了皮质脊髓抑制，尽管大负荷和技能训练的降低幅度更大（分别为 22%和 18%，而轻负荷训练为 11%，均 p < 0.05）。短程皮质内抑制在单次大负荷力量训练后立即降低（40%，p < 0.05）和技能训练（47%，p < 0.05），但在随后的轻负荷力量训练后保持不变。似乎不同类型的单次力量和技能训练对皮质脊髓的反应是任务依赖的。这些发现强化了这样一种观点，即力量训练（至少在大负荷时）可以被认为是一种运动学习形式，这可能是因为涉及到感觉反馈。
