Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Reconstructive Surgery, and Hand Surgery, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Academic Teaching Hospital, Dresden, Germany.
Department of Trauma Surgery, Reconstructive Surgery, and Hand Surgery, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Academic Teaching Hospital, Dresden, Germany.
Dermatol Ther. 2019 Sep;32(5):e13032. doi: 10.1111/dth.13032. Epub 2019 Aug 5.
Subungual melanoma (SUM) is a rare subtype in Caucasians. Histologically, most tumors are of the acrolentiginous type (ALM). This is a retrospective analysis of the years 2002-2019 at a certified skin cancer center. We observed 12 SUM patients with a median age of 76 years, seven men and five women (0.6% of all melanomas). The delay of diagnosis reached from 30 years to several months. Hallux and thumb were the most affected localizations. The dominant histologic type was ALM. Clinical symptoms were nail plate destruction (90.9%), bleeding (50.0%), pigmentation of the nail plate (33.3%), and a positive Hutchinson sign (25.0%). All tumors were treated surgically with three-dimensional margin control. In six patients, amputation was performed. Median relapse-free survival and overall survival were (56 ± 73.5) months and (112.5 ± 135.1) months, respectively. SUM is rare among Caucasian patients. Nail plate pigmentation and Hutchinson sign were not frequent. Amelanotic ALM with nail plate destruction was the dominant presentation in our series. Dermoscopy is of limited value for amelanotic subungual tumors. Early biopsy of unusual or treatment resistant nail disorders is recommended.
甲下黑色素瘤(SUM)在白种人中较为罕见。组织学上,大多数肿瘤为肢端雀斑样黑素瘤(ALM)。这是对 2002 年至 2019 年在一家认证的皮肤癌中心的回顾性分析。我们观察了 12 名 SUM 患者,中位年龄为 76 岁,男性 7 名,女性 5 名(所有黑色素瘤的 0.6%)。诊断的延迟时间从 30 年到几个月不等。大脚趾和拇指是最常受累的部位。主要的组织学类型是 ALM。临床症状包括指甲板破坏(90.9%)、出血(50.0%)、指甲板色素沉着(33.3%)和 Hutchinson 征阳性(25.0%)。所有肿瘤均采用三维边缘控制行手术治疗。其中 6 例患者行截肢术。无复发生存和总生存的中位数分别为(56±73.5)个月和(112.5±135.1)个月。SUM 在白种人中较为罕见。指甲板色素沉着和 Hutchinson 征并不常见。在我们的研究中,指甲板破坏的无色素性 ALM 是主要表现形式。皮肤镜对无色素性甲下肿瘤的价值有限。建议对不寻常或治疗抵抗的指甲病变进行早期活检。