Kordsmeyer Tobias L, Freund Daniel, Vugt Mark van, Penke Lars
1 Department of Psychology and Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
2 Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Institute for Brain and Behavior, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Evol Psychol. 2019 Jul-Sep;17(3):1474704919863164. doi: 10.1177/1474704919863164.
Recent studies suggest that both facial and bodily dominance promote high status positions and predict status-seeking behaviors such as aggression and social dominance. An evolutionarily relevant context in which associations between these dominance signals and status outcomes may be prevalent are face-to-face status contests. The present study examined whether facial and bodily dominance predicted success in dyadic competitions (one physical discipline, arm wrestling, and three nonphysical disciplines) in men ( = 125) in a controlled laboratory setting. Men's bodies and faces were independently rated for physical dominance, and associations of these ratings with contest outcomes as well as mediating and moderating variables (such as physical strength, body height, trait dominance, baseline and reactive testosterone) were examined. Both facial and bodily dominance positively predicted success in the physical discipline, mediated by physical strength, but not in the three nonphysical disciplines. Our findings demonstrate that facial and bodily physical dominance may be honest signals for men's formidability and hence status potential, at least in a physically competitive context.
最近的研究表明，面部和身体上的支配性都有助于获得高地位，并能预测诸如攻击性和社会支配性等追求地位的行为。在面对面的地位竞争中，这些支配信号与地位结果之间的关联可能很普遍，这是一个与进化相关的背景。本研究在可控的实验室环境中，检验了面部和身体上的支配性是否能预测男性（N = 125）在二元竞争（一项体育项目，掰手腕，以及三项非体育项目）中的成功。对男性的身体和面部进行独立的身体支配性评分，并检验这些评分与竞争结果以及中介和调节变量（如体力、身高、特质支配性、基线睾酮和反应性睾酮）之间的关联。面部和身体上的支配性都能正向预测在体育项目中的成功，其介导因素为体力，但在三项非体育项目中则不然。我们的研究结果表明，至少在身体竞争的背景下，面部和身体上的身体支配性可能是男性强大能力以及地位潜力的真实信号。
