Department of Clinical Medicine and Endocrinology, Aalborg University, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 4, Aalborg 9000, Denmark.
Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 4, Aalborg 9000, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center North Jutland, Aalborg, Denmark.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2019 Sep;48(3):643-655. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2019.05.007. Epub 2019 Jun 14.
Physiologic changes during pregnancy include calcium, phosphate, and calciotropic hormone status. Calcium metabolic disorders are rare in pregnancy and management with close calcium and vitamin D control and supplementation. Primary hyperparathyroidism is mostly asymptomatic and does not affect conception or pregnancy. It requires control of plasma calcium levels. Surgical intervention may be indicated. Data on severe cases are missing. Osteoporosis in or before pregnancy is rare but usually diagnosed from fractures. Medical treatment other than supplementation is contraindicated. Vitamin D deficiency is common and may affect conception and increase complications. Current evidence does not prove vitamin D supplements effective in improving outcomes.
怀孕期间的生理变化包括钙、磷酸盐和钙调节激素的状态。怀孕期间钙代谢紊乱较为罕见，通过密切的钙和维生素 D 控制和补充即可进行治疗。原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进大多无症状，不影响受孕或妊娠。需要控制血浆钙水平。可能需要手术干预。严重病例的数据缺失。妊娠期间或之前的骨质疏松症很少见，但通常通过骨折来诊断。除补充剂外，不建议使用其他药物治疗。维生素 D 缺乏很常见，可能会影响受孕并增加并发症。目前的证据并不能证明维生素 D 补充剂能有效改善妊娠结局。
