Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
BMJ Open. 2019 Jul 24;9(7):e029114. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029114.
To investigate the temporal trends in the prevalence and causes of visual impairment (VI) in South India.
Population-based cross-sectional studies conducted during the years 2011-2012 and 2017 using identical study methods and in geographical locations are compared. The L V Prasad Eye Institute established services in Khammam and not in Warangal district after the 2011-2012 study.
Khammam and Warangal districts in Telangana, India.
In total, 5357 participants aged ≥40 years were examined from two districts in the 2011-2012 study and 4923 participants were examined in the 2017 study.
Age-adjusted and gender-adjusted temporal trends in the prevalence and causes of VI.Blindness and moderate VI (MVI) were defined as presenting visual acuity worse than 6/60 and 6/18-6/60 in the better eye, respectively. VI included MVI and blindness.
Nearly 2500 participants were examined in each location in both the 2011-2012 and 2017 studies. In Khammam district, overall VI declined by 2.5% from 15.5% to 13.0% (p<0.001). While there was no significant change in MVI (p=0.566), blindness declined by 3.0% from 5.4% to 2.4% (p<0.001). In Warangal district, the overall VI remained unchanged (p=0.60). While MVI increased by 3% from 9.3% to 12.3% (p=0.001), blindness declined by 3.5% from 6.5% to 3.0% (p<0.001). While MVI due to cataract increased in both districts, there was a significant decline in MVI due to refractive errors in Khammam.
There was a significant decline in VI in Khammam district but not in Warangal district. The differential trends in prevalence and causes of VI can be explained by the availability and uptake of eye care services in these two districts.
调查印度南部视力障碍（VI）的患病率和病因的时间趋势。
使用相同的研究方法和地理位置进行的 2011-2012 年和 2017 年的人口为基础的横断面研究进行比较。2011-2012 年研究后，L V Prasad 眼科研究所开始在 Khammam 而不是 Warangal 区提供服务。
印度特伦甘纳邦的 Khammam 和 Warangal 区。
共有 5357 名年龄≥40 岁的参与者参加了 2011-2012 年的两个区的研究，4923 名参与者参加了 2017 年的研究。
VI 的患病率和病因的年龄和性别调整的时间趋势。盲和中度 VI（MVI）定义为在较好眼的视力低于 6/60 和 6/18-6/60。VI 包括 MVI 和失明。
在 2011-2012 年和 2017 年的研究中，每个地点都有近 2500 名参与者接受了检查。在 Khammam 区，整体 VI 从 15.5%下降到 13.0%（p<0.001），下降了 2.5%。虽然 MVI 没有显著变化（p=0.566），但失明从 5.4%下降到 2.4%，下降了 3.0%（p<0.001）。在 Warangal 区，整体 VI 保持不变（p=0.60）。虽然 MVI 从 9.3%增加到 12.3%，增加了 3%（p=0.001），但失明从 6.5%下降到 3.0%，下降了 3.5%（p<0.001）。虽然白内障导致的 MVI 在两个区都有所增加，但 Khammam 区因屈光不正导致的 MVI 显著下降。
Khammam 区 VI 显著下降，但 Warangal 区没有。这两个区 VI 的患病率和病因的不同趋势可以用这些区眼科保健服务的提供和利用来解释。
