Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Nutr Clin Pract. 2020 Aug;35(4):642-648. doi: 10.1002/ncp.10370. Epub 2019 Jul 25.
Sarcopenia is an important health problem in older adults. The aim was to study the association of anthropometric measurements, functional capacity, cognitive impairment, and nutrition status with sarcopenia in institutionalized older adults.
A cross-sectional study was undertaken, determining the calf circumference (CC), mid-upper arm muscle circumference (MUAMC), and body mass index (BMI) and administering the Pfeiffer test and Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). Sarcopenia was diagnosed following criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. After bivariate analyses, a multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to determine the association of study variables with sarcopenia.
The study group comprised 249 residents (mean age 84.9 ± 6.7 years). The prevalence of sarcopenia was 63%. The multivariate analysis with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) indicated that the risk of sarcopenia was significantly increased by being female (OR = 2.8; 95% CI 1.3-6.2), having moderate or severe cognitive impairment (Pfeiffer test score of 5-10) (OR = 2.4; 95% CI 0.9-6.4), and having a BMI < 22 kg/m (OR = 22.4; 95% CI 6.7-75.0). Moreover, a low CC (OR = 6.5; 95% CI 3.0-14.0) or MUAMC (OR = 3.9; 95% CI 1.7-9.3) also significantly increased the risk of sarcopenia. A negative association was observed between sarcopenia and MNA-SF, although it did not remain statistically significant in the multivariate analysis.
The variables identified as risk factors for sarcopenia can assist in detecting individuals at higher risk who require special clinical attention.
肌少症是老年人的一个重要健康问题。本研究旨在探讨人体测量学指标、功能能力、认知障碍和营养状况与机构老年人肌少症的关系。
本研究采用横断面研究，测量小腿围（CC）、中上臂肌肉围（MUAMC）和体重指数（BMI），并进行 Pfeiffer 测试和微型营养评估简表（MNA-SF）。根据欧洲老年人肌少症工作组的标准诊断肌少症。在进行双变量分析后，构建多元逻辑回归模型，以确定研究变量与肌少症的关系。
研究组包括 249 名居民（平均年龄 84.9±6.7 岁）。肌少症的患病率为 63%。多元分析调整后的优势比（OR）表明，女性（OR=2.8；95%CI 1.3-6.2）、中重度认知障碍（Pfeiffer 测试评分 5-10）（OR=2.4；95%CI 0.9-6.4）和 BMI<22kg/m（OR=22.4；95%CI 6.7-75.0）者发生肌少症的风险显著增加。此外，低 CC（OR=6.5；95%CI 3.0-14.0）或 MUAMC（OR=3.9；95%CI 1.7-9.3）也显著增加了肌少症的风险。虽然 MNA-SF 与肌少症呈负相关，但在多元分析中无统计学意义。
确定的肌少症危险因素有助于发现需要特别关注的高风险个体。
