Atazadeh Najibeh, Mahmoodi Hassan, Shaghaghi Abdolreza
Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs. 2019 Aug;32(3):149-161. doi: 10.1111/jcap.12247. Epub 2019 Jul 25.
Worldwide, the psychopathological effects of catastrophes such as earthquake, hurricane and war are causing traumas in an enormous number of children. Identification and assessment of the impact on children of catastrophic events is essential to their healing and continued well-being.
To identify the relevant tools Google Scholar, SID, PsycInfo, Medlib, MedLine, and PubMed databases were searched using the relevant Mesh terms and their equivalents including ("anxiety" or "fear" or "depression" or "psychosocial distress" or "prolonged grief" or "trauma general effect") AND ("tool and measures") OR ("cognition" and "parents") AND "scale and measures") from inception to March 2019.
Sixty-four measures were identified to be applied for measuring traumas' psychosocial effects on children. Anxiety and depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), sexual abuse, trauma general effect and stress were among the important emanated tools to the assessment of posttrauma psychosocial predicaments in children.
Few measures are identified to measure post trauma fear, prolonged grief and psychosocial distress in young children. However; a suitable scale for assessment of parents' cognition about general effects of traumas and parents' cognition about effects of trauma on children is less emphasized in current literature.
在全球范围内，地震、飓风和战争等灾难所带来的心理病理学影响正在给大量儿童造成创伤。识别和评估灾难性事件对儿童的影响对于他们的康复和持续的幸福安康至关重要。
为了识别相关工具，使用相关医学主题词及其同义词在谷歌学术、SID、心理学文摘数据库、医学图书馆、医学索引数据库和医学期刊数据库中进行检索，检索词包括（“焦虑”或“恐惧”或“抑郁”或“心理社会困扰”或“持续性悲伤”或“创伤综合影响”）以及（“工具与测量”）或者（“认知”和“父母”）以及“量表与测量”，检索时间范围从起始到2019年3月。
共识别出64种用于测量灾难对儿童心理社会影响的测量方法。焦虑和抑郁、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、性虐待、创伤综合影响和压力是评估儿童创伤后心理社会困境的重要衍生工具。
目前识别出的用于测量幼儿创伤后恐惧、持续性悲伤和心理社会困扰的测量方法较少。然而，当前文献中较少强调一种合适的量表，用于评估父母对创伤综合影响的认知以及父母对创伤对儿童影响的认知。
